Triple

T11265309
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Purcell effect E266668 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Fermi golden rule
The Fermi golden rule is a fundamental quantum mechanical formula that gives the transition rate between energy states due to a weak perturbation, widely used to describe processes like spontaneous emission and scattering.
E914952 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fermi golden rule | Statement: [Purcell effect, relatedTo, Fermi golden rule]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fermi golden rule
Context triple: [Purcell effect, relatedTo, Fermi golden rule]
  • A. Landau–Zener formula
    The Landau–Zener formula is a quantum mechanical result that gives the probability of non-adiabatic transitions between energy levels during an avoided crossing when a system’s parameters are varied in time.
  • B. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • C. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • D. Huang–Rhys factor
    The Huang–Rhys factor is a dimensionless parameter in solid-state and molecular spectroscopy that quantifies the strength of electron–phonon (vibronic) coupling during electronic transitions.
  • E. Fokker–Planck equation
    The Fokker–Planck equation is a partial differential equation that describes the time evolution of the probability density function of a stochastic (random) process, such as Brownian motion.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fermi golden rule
Triple: [Purcell effect, relatedTo, Fermi golden rule]
Generated description
The Fermi golden rule is a fundamental quantum mechanical formula that gives the transition rate between energy states due to a weak perturbation, widely used to describe processes like spontaneous emission and scattering.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fermi golden rule
Target entity description: The Fermi golden rule is a fundamental quantum mechanical formula that gives the transition rate between energy states due to a weak perturbation, widely used to describe processes like spontaneous emission and scattering.
  • A. Landau–Zener formula
    The Landau–Zener formula is a quantum mechanical result that gives the probability of non-adiabatic transitions between energy levels during an avoided crossing when a system’s parameters are varied in time.
  • B. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • C. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • D. Huang–Rhys factor
    The Huang–Rhys factor is a dimensionless parameter in solid-state and molecular spectroscopy that quantifies the strength of electron–phonon (vibronic) coupling during electronic transitions.
  • E. Fokker–Planck equation
    The Fokker–Planck equation is a partial differential equation that describes the time evolution of the probability density function of a stochastic (random) process, such as Brownian motion.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aac8c2f48190ad0596f1f89f0470 completed April 8, 2026, 7:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d7e94e5e3c8190a31995d55d20d7ed completed April 9, 2026, 6 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e4ccc7fdc48190a84b8b584f67b464 completed April 19, 2026, 12:38 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69e4d9ed6a048190ae7476d44cee6a6e completed April 19, 2026, 1:34 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69e4ddb1b4c8819087699bc73610c7f8 completed April 19, 2026, 1:50 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:31 p.m.