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gptkb:Zhores_Alferov
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for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and optoelectronics
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gptkb:Jens_Christian_Skou
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for the first discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase
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gptkb:Robert_Sanderson_Mulliken
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for his fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method
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gptkb:A._A._Virtanen
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for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method
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gptkb:Willis_E._Lamb
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for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum
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gptkb:Gerard_'t_Hooft
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for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics
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gptkb:Wilhelm_Conrad_Röntgen
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in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him
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gptkb:Adam_G._Riess
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for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae
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gptkb:Edmund_S._Phelps
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for his analysis of intertemporal tradeoffs in macroeconomic policy
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gptkb:Thomas_Steitz
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studies of the structure and function of the ribosome
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gptkb:Eric_A._Cornell
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for the achievement of Bose–Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates
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gptkb:Clinton_Joseph_Davisson
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for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals
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gptkb:Earl_Sutherland
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for his discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the action of hormones
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gptkb:Claudia_Goldin
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for having advanced our understanding of women’s labor market outcomes
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gptkb:Hiroshi_Amano
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for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources
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gptkb:Susumu_Tonegawa
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for his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity
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gptkb:Don_Glaser
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for the invention of the bubble chamber
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gptkb:Philip_Warren_Anderson
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for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems
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gptkb:Luis_Leloir
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for his discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates
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gptkb:J._R._Hicks
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for their pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory
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