|
gptkbp:instance_of
|
gptkb:regulations
|
|
gptkbp:associated_with
|
gptkb:Bantu_Education_Act
gptkb:Nelson_Mandela
gptkb:Sharpeville_Massacre
racial discrimination
freedom struggle
defiance campaigns
|
|
gptkbp:contributed_to
|
gptkb:social_unrest
|
|
gptkbp:created
|
social divisions
|
|
gptkbp:enforcement_methods
|
police raids
|
|
gptkbp:enforces
|
gptkb:South_African_government
legal penalties
|
|
gptkbp:historical_context
|
gptkb:colonialism
|
|
gptkbp:historical_significance
|
symbol of apartheid
|
|
https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
|
Pass Laws
|
|
gptkbp:impact
|
gptkb:migration_patterns
|
|
gptkbp:influenced
|
gptkb:urban_planning
public policy
political discourse
social justice movements
national identity.
|
|
gptkbp:influenced_by
|
British colonial policies
global civil rights movements
|
|
gptkbp:inspired
|
gptkb:literature_and_art
|
|
gptkbp:introduced_in
|
1913
|
|
gptkbp:is_aimed_at
|
controlling movement of black South Africans
|
|
gptkbp:is_challenged_by
|
legal activists
|
|
gptkbp:is_criticized_for
|
international community
|
|
gptkbp:is_debated_in
|
gptkb:Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom
|
|
gptkbp:is_documented_in
|
gptkb:historical_texts
historical archives
|
|
gptkbp:is_examined_in
|
gptkb:academic_research
historical analyses
historical documentaries
sociological studies
|
|
gptkbp:is_implemented_in
|
gptkb:South_Africa
|
|
gptkbp:is_targeted_at
|
non-white South Africans
|
|
gptkbp:is_used_for
|
tool of oppression
|
|
gptkbp:led_to
|
international awareness
mass mobilization
increased activism
political change
forced removals
formation of youth organizations
formation of ANC
formation of anti-pass campaigns
|
|
gptkbp:legislation
|
discriminatory law
|
|
gptkbp:part_of
|
gptkb:apartheid_system
South African history
|
|
gptkbp:related_to
|
gptkb:apartheid
|
|
gptkbp:repealed_by
|
gptkb:1991
|
|
gptkbp:replaced_by
|
new immigration laws
|
|
gptkbp:requires
|
passbooks
|
|
gptkbp:resulted_in
|
gptkb:legal_reforms
economic disparities
community organizing
human rights violations
cultural resistance
protests and resistance movements
|
|
gptkbp:sparked
|
gptkb:civil_rights_movements
international sanctions
|
|
gptkbp:used_in
|
political propaganda
|
|
gptkbp:bfsParent
|
gptkb:African_National_Congress
|
|
gptkbp:bfsLayer
|
4
|