Northern Mandarin dialects

GPTKB entity

Predicate	Object
gptkbp:instanceOf	language family
gptkbp:alsoKnownAs	gptkb:Northern_Chinese
gptkbp:basisFor	gptkb:Standard_Mandarin
gptkbp:branch	gptkb:Sinitic
gptkbp:distinctFrom	gptkb:Northeastern_Mandarin gptkb:Jilu_Mandarin gptkb:Southwestern_Mandarin gptkb:Lower_Yangtze_Mandarin gptkb:Northwestern_Mandarin gptkb:Jin_Chinese
https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label	Northern Mandarin dialects
gptkbp:ISO639-3	cmn
gptkbp:languageFamily	gptkb:Sino-Tibetan
gptkbp:linguisticFeature	distinctive vocabulary erhua retroflex initials use of '儿' (er) suffix loss of entering tone use of retroflex consonants neutral tone influence on Standard Chinese lack of voiced obstruents relatively few tones tonal mergers
gptkbp:mainRepresentative	gptkb:Beijing_dialect
gptkbp:numberOfSpeakers	hundreds of millions
gptkbp:region	gptkb:Liaoning gptkb:Northeast_China gptkb:Tianjin gptkb:Inner_Mongolia gptkb:North_China_Plain gptkb:Ningxia gptkb:Gansu gptkb:Jilin gptkb:Qinghai gptkb:Xinjiang gptkb:Hebei gptkb:Heilongjiang gptkb:Shanxi gptkb:Sichuan_(northern_part) parts of Mongolia Henan (northern part) Shaanxi (northern part) Shandong (northern part)
gptkbp:spokenIn	gptkb:Beijing gptkb:Northern_China gptkb:Northeastern_China
gptkbp:subclassOf	gptkb:Mandarin_Chinese
gptkbp:usedAs	basis for Standard Chinese
gptkbp:writingSystem	gptkb:Chinese_characters
gptkbp:bfsParent	gptkb:Standard_Mandarin_Chinese
gptkbp:bfsLayer	7