|
gptkbp:instanceOf
|
gptkb:artifacts
gptkb:culture
gptkb:dynasty
gptkb:ethnic_group
gptkb:event
gptkb:language
gptkb:monument
gptkb:mythological_figure
gptkb:philosophy
gptkb:religion
gptkb:sculpture
gptkb:manuscript
ancient people
architectural style
mythology
tradition
language family
Maya religion
Mesoamerican sculpture
Mesoamerican codex
|
|
gptkbp:afterlifeBelief
|
gptkb:Xibalba
Coaybay
|
|
gptkbp:agriculturalTechnique
|
chinampas
terracing
slash-and-burn
|
|
gptkbp:alsoKnownAs
|
gptkb:Maya
|
|
gptkbp:alternativeName
|
Aztec_deity
Aztec_mythology
Inca_mythology
Maya_architecture
Maya_art
Maya_calendar
Maya_codex
Maya_culture
Maya_deity
Maya_dynasty
Maya_gods
Maya_hieroglyphic_inscriptions
Maya_language
Maya_manuscripts
Maya_monument
Maya_mythology
Maya_people
Maya_ruler
Maya_stela
Maya_stelae
Maya_temple
Mayan_culture
Mayan_language
Mayan_people
Mesoamerican_art
Mesoamerican_calendar
Mesoamerican_civilization
Mesoamerican_culture
Mesoamerican_literature
Mesoamerican_mythology
Mesoamerican_philosophy
Mixtec_language
Muisca_mythology
Nahua_people
Olmec_colossal_head
Olmec_colossal_heads
Taíno_mythology
|
|
gptkbp:archaeologicalSite
|
gptkb:Yaxchilán
gptkb:Bonampak
gptkb:Quiriguá
gptkb:Calakmul
gptkb:Caracol
|
|
gptkbp:architectureFeatures
|
palaces
observatories
ball courts
step pyramids
|
|
gptkbp:artifactsFound
|
Olmec thrones
|
|
gptkbp:associatedWith
|
gptkb:Maya_civilization
gptkb:Moon
gptkb:Underworld
gptkb:Teotihuacan_civilization
gptkb:Inca_civilization
gptkb:Aztec_civilization
gptkb:Olmec_civilization
gptkb:Mixtec_civilization
gptkb:Toltec_civilization
gptkb:Zapotec_civilization
gptkb:Muisca_people
agriculture
death
corn
rain
sun
creation myths
Olmec elite
|
|
gptkbp:autonym
|
gptkb:Nahuatlaca
|
|
gptkbp:baktun_length
|
144,000 days
|
|
gptkbp:ballGame
|
pitz
|
|
gptkbp:basisFor
|
astronomical observations
|
|
gptkbp:calendar
|
gptkb:Tonalpohualli
gptkb:Xiuhpohualli
gptkb:Haab'
gptkb:Tzolk'in
gptkb:Long_Count
gptkb:Long_Count_calendar
Maya religion
|
|
gptkbp:Calendar_Round
|
52-year cycle
|
|
gptkbp:capital
|
gptkb:Banavasi
|
|
gptkbp:carvingTechnique
|
direct carving from basalt boulders
|
|
gptkbp:category
|
monumental art
Pre-Columbian sculpture
|
|
gptkbp:collapsed
|
Spanish conquest
|
|
gptkbp:collapsePeriod
|
9th century
8th–9th centuries CE
|
|
gptkbp:component
|
gptkb:Tonalpohualli
gptkb:Xiuhpohualli
gptkb:Haab'
gptkb:Tzolk'in
gptkb:Calendar_Round
gptkb:Long_Count
|
|
gptkbp:conqueredBy
|
gptkb:Spanish_Empire
|
|
gptkbp:conservationEfforts
|
language revitalization programs
|
|
gptkbp:contactWith
|
gptkb:Spanish_conquistadors
|
|
gptkbp:contains
|
gptkb:Chilam_Balam
gptkb:Popol_Vuh
|
|
gptkbp:continuity
|
elements survive in modern Maya communities
|
|
gptkbp:contributedTo
|
Maya religion
|
|
gptkbp:cosmology
|
gptkb:Five_Suns
gptkb:Hanan_Pacha
gptkb:Kay_Pacha
gptkb:Uku_Pacha
three realms (underworld, earth, sky)
13 heavens
9 underworlds
|
|
gptkbp:country
|
gptkb:Colombia
gptkb:India
|
|
gptkbp:countryOfOperation
|
gptkb:Mexico
|
|
gptkbp:culturalPractice
|
gptkb:ceramics
gptkb:ritual
weaving
|
|
gptkbp:culture
|
gptkb:Maya_civilization
gptkb:Olmec
|
|
gptkbp:currentLocation
|
gptkb:Museo_Nacional_de_Antropología,_Mexico_City
gptkb:Parque-Museo_La_Venta
gptkb:Museo_de_Antropología_de_Xalapa
gptkb:Museo_Nacional_de_Antropología
|
|
gptkbp:currentUse
|
still used in some Maya communities
|
|
gptkbp:cycle
|
365 days
52 years
260 days
|
|
gptkbp:date
|
gptkb:Pre-Columbian_era
c. 1500 BCE – 400 BCE
c. 1500–400 BCE
|
|
gptkbp:declinedAfter
|
post-Spanish conquest
|
|
gptkbp:decorations
|
hieroglyphic inscriptions
painted murals
sculpted facades
|
|
gptkbp:deliveredBy
|
rolled on logs
|
|
gptkbp:depictedIn
|
gptkb:Maya_codices
gptkb:Maya_murals
Maya religion
ceramic vessels
Maya ceramics
|
|
gptkbp:depicts
|
human head
gods
human heads
rulers
important events
|
|
gptkbp:descendedFrom
|
gptkb:ancient_Maya_civilization
gptkb:Proto-Mayan
modern Maya peoples
ancient Maya
|
|
gptkbp:destroyedBy
|
gptkb:Spanish_conquistadors
Catholic priests
|
|
gptkbp:developedBy
|
gptkb:Mesoamerica
|
|
gptkbp:developedCalendar
|
gptkb:Long_Count_calendar
260-day calendar
365-day calendar
|
|
gptkbp:developedWritingSystem
|
gptkb:Epi-Olmec_script
gptkb:Maya_script
gptkb:Zapotec_script
|
|
gptkbp:directionA
|
east
north
south
west
often faces east
|
|
gptkbp:discoveredBy
|
gptkb:Matthew_Stirling
|
|
gptkbp:distinctiveStyle
|
gptkb:Chenes_style
gptkb:Petén_style
gptkb:Puuc_style
gptkb:Río_Bec_style
gptkb:Usumacinta_style
East Coast style
|
|
gptkbp:distinctLanguages
|
about 30
|
|
gptkbp:district
|
defensive walls
city centers
causeways (sacbeob)
|
|
gptkbp:documentedIn
|
Spanish chroniclers
|
|
gptkbp:economy
|
agriculture
|
|
gptkbp:elevation
|
1.17 to 3.4 meters
1.17–3.4 meters
|
|
gptkbp:endangeredStatus
|
Vulnerable
|
|
gptkbp:endDate
|
c. 1521 CE
|
|
gptkbp:feature
|
colorful illustrations
folding books
glyphic text
|
|
gptkbp:featuresMyths
|
gptkb:Ballgame_myth
gptkb:Creation_of_the_Fifth_Sun
gptkb:Five_Suns
gptkb:Flood_myth
gptkb:Hero_Twins
gptkb:Journey_to_Mictlan
gptkb:Legend_of_the_Five_Suns
gptkb:Legend_of_the_Maize
gptkb:Popol_Vuh
Creation of humans from maize
Origin of the Milky Way
|
|
gptkbp:festival
|
gptkb:Day_of_the_Dead
gptkb:Fiesta_de_San_Miguel
gptkb:Maya_New_Year
gptkb:New_Fire_Ceremony
gptkb:Wayeb'
gptkb:Día_de_los_Muertos
|
|
gptkbp:firstAppearance
|
circa 400 BCE
|
|
gptkbp:firstDiscoveryDate
|
1862
|
|
gptkbp:firstDiscoveryYear
|
1862
|
|
gptkbp:firstScientificExcavation
|
1938
|
|
gptkbp:flag
|
gptkb:Flag_of_the_Maya_people
|
|
gptkbp:flourishedDuring
|
gptkb:Classic_Period
gptkb:Pre-Columbian_era
gptkb:Postclassic_Period
gptkb:Preclassic_Period
c. 2000 BCE – 1697 CE
|
|
gptkbp:focusesOn
|
gptkb:cosmology
gptkb:philosophy
aesthetics
ethics
metaphysics
|
|
gptkbp:foundIn
|
gptkb:Mexico
gptkb:Rancho_la_Cobata
gptkb:La_Venta
gptkb:San_Lorenzo
gptkb:San_Lorenzo_Tenochtitlán
gptkb:Tres_Zapotes
|
|
gptkbp:function
|
gptkb:historical_documents
gptkb:monument
auto show
ritual significance
commemoration of rulers
portraits of rulers
|
|
gptkbp:genre
|
gptkb:poetry
history
mythology
codex
ritual text
|
|
gptkbp:glottologCode
|
maya1287
myn
mix
mixt1427
|
|
gptkbp:Haab'
|
365-day solar calendar
|
|
gptkbp:Haab'_months
|
18 months of 20 days each plus 5 nameless days
|
|
gptkbp:Haab'_year_length
|
365 days
|
|
gptkbp:hasArtifact
|
gptkb:Cabinet
cathedral
lintel
zoomorph
|
|
gptkbp:hasBibleTranslation
|
Yes
|
|
gptkbp:hasClergy
|
gptkb:Aj_K'in
|
|
gptkbp:hasConcept
|
gptkb:Underworld
gptkb:Sacrifice
gptkb:transformation
gptkb:prophecy
gptkb:World_Tree
gptkb:Duality
mythology
Ancestor worship
Sacred caves
Animal spirits
Cosmic cycles
Sacred ballgame
Sacred calendar
Sacred mountains
in xochitl in cuicatl (flower and song)
nahualli (spiritual double)
teotl (sacred force)
tlatoani (philosopher-king)
toltecayotl (art of living wisely)
tonalli (animating spirit)
|
|
gptkbp:hasDialects
|
gptkb:Atatláhuca_Mixtec
gptkb:Ayuquila_Mixtec
gptkb:Chalcatongo_Mixtec
gptkb:Coatzospan_Mixtec
gptkb:Jamiltepec_Mixtec
gptkb:Pinotepa_Mixtec
gptkb:Silacayoapan_Mixtec
gptkb:Yoloxóchitl_Mixtec
gptkb:Q'eqchi'
gptkb:K'iche'
gptkb:Kaqchikel
gptkb:Mam
gptkb:Yucatec_Maya
Yes
Tlacotepec Mixtec
Zacatepec Mixtec
|
|
gptkbp:hasFestival
|
gptkb:Wayeb'
gptkb:Haab'_New_Year
gptkb:K'atun_ending_ceremonies
|
|
gptkbp:hasHistoricSite
|
gptkb:Lake_Tota
gptkb:Cusco
gptkb:Lake_Titicaca
gptkb:El_Dorado
gptkb:Coricancha
gptkb:Lake_Iguaque
gptkb:Lake_Guatavita
|
|
gptkbp:hasLanguage
|
gptkb:Mayan_languages
|
|
gptkbp:hasLanguageAcademy
|
INALI (Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas)
|
|
gptkbp:hasLocation
|
gptkb:Xibalba
gptkb:Ceiba_tree_(World_Tree)
|
|
gptkbp:hasTemple
|
gptkb:lake
|
|
gptkbp:hasTheme
|
gptkb:cosmology
gptkb:underworld_(Xibalba)
mythology
death and afterlife
hero twins
rain and agriculture
|
|
gptkbp:hasTones
|
Yes
|
|
gptkbp:height
|
up to 10 meters
|
|
gptkbp:hero
|
gptkb:Mama_Ocllo
gptkb:Manco_Cápac
|
|
gptkbp:historicalPeriod
|
gptkb:Aztec_Empire
gptkb:Pre-Columbian_era
gptkb:Spanish_conquest_of_the_Aztec_Empire
|
|
gptkbp:historicalWritingSystem
|
gptkb:Maya_hieroglyphs
Mixtec logograms
|
|
gptkbp:importantFor
|
gptkb:Legend_of_the_Five_Suns
gptkb:Birth_of_Huitzilopochtli
gptkb:Descent_to_Mictlan
gptkb:The_defeat_of_Coyolxauhqui
gptkb:The_founding_of_Tenochtitlan
gptkb:The_rivalry_of_Quetzalcoatl_and_Tezcatlipoca
gptkb:The_sacrifice_of_Nanahuatzin
The creation of humans from bones
The journey of the sun through the underworld
The migration from Aztlan
|
|
gptkbp:includes
|
gptkb:Hunahpu
gptkb:Xbalanque
gptkb:Ah_Puch
gptkb:Chaac
gptkb:Hunab_Ku
gptkb:Itzamna
gptkb:Ix_Chel
gptkb:Ixtab
gptkb:Mixtec_mythology
gptkb:Olmec_mythology
gptkb:Teotihuacan_mythology
gptkb:Toltec_mythology
gptkb:Yum_Kaax
gptkb:Zapotec_mythology
gptkb:Buluc_Chabtan
gptkb:Kinich_Ahau
gptkb:Kukulkan
gptkb:Camazotz
Maya religion
Aztec literature
Mayan literature
Mixtec literature
Zapotec literature
|
|
gptkbp:includesCulture
|
gptkb:Maya
gptkb:Olmec
Aztec
Mixtec
Teotihuacan
Toltec
Zapotec
|
|
gptkbp:influenced
|
gptkb:Aztec_calendar
gptkb:Aztec_civilization
gptkb:Aztec_religion
Caribbean literature
Maya religion
Mexican folklore
Chicano culture
Andean folklore
modern Peruvian culture
later Mesoamerican architecture
Modern Mexican culture
Latin American philosophy
later Mesoamerican art
North American indigenous cultures
Colombian folklore
Colonial Mexican culture
Chicano philosophy
modern Mexican philosophy
|
|
gptkbp:influencedBy
|
gptkb:Maya_civilization
gptkb:Spanish
gptkb:Teotihuacan_civilization
gptkb:Olmec_calendar
gptkb:Olmec_architecture
gptkb:Olmec_mythology
gptkb:Toltec_mythology
gptkb:Andean_cultures
gptkb:Olmec_religion
gptkb:Aztec_civilization
gptkb:Maya
gptkb:Nahuatl
gptkb:Olmec_civilization
gptkb:Mixtec_civilization
gptkb:Toltec_civilization
gptkb:Zapotec_civilization
gptkb:Olmec
gptkb:Teotihuacan_culture
gptkb:Arawak_mythology
gptkb:Chibcha_culture
Aztec
Mixtec
Teotihuacan
Toltec
Zapotec
astronomical observations
Spanish colonization
Maya religion
pre-Inca Andean beliefs
Spanish (loanwords in local dialects)
|
|
gptkbp:inscription
|
gptkb:Maya_hieroglyphs
|
|
gptkbp:inscriptionsFoundAt
|
gptkb:Quiriguá
gptkb:Palenque
gptkb:Tikal
gptkb:Copán
|
|
gptkbp:introducedIn
|
circa 1st millennium BCE
preclassic period
|
|
gptkbp:ISO_3166-2_code
|
none
|
|
gptkbp:ISO639-3
|
myn
mix
|
|
gptkbp:katun_length
|
7,200 days
|
|
gptkbp:kin_length
|
1 day
|
|
gptkbp:knownFor
|
gptkb:architecture
gptkb:art
gptkb:astronomy
gptkb:event
gptkb:mathematics
pyramids
calendar systems
writing systems
urban centers
hieroglyphic script
|
|
gptkbp:language
|
gptkb:Chʼoltiʼ_Maya
gptkb:Classic_Maya
gptkb:Chibcha
gptkb:Mayan_languages
gptkb:Prakrit
gptkb:Quechua
gptkb:Taíno_language
gptkb:Classical_Nahuatl
gptkb:Yucatec_Maya
gptkb:Classical_Maya
Mixtec
Zapotec
|
|
gptkbp:languageFamily
|
gptkb:Uto-Aztecan
gptkb:Otomanguean_languages
gptkb:Oto-Manguean_languages
gptkb:Mayan_languages
gptkb:Nahuatl
gptkb:Cholan–Tseltalan
gptkb:Huastecan
gptkb:Qʼanjobalan
gptkb:Yucatecan
gptkb:Mixtec_languages
gptkb:Zapotec_languages
gptkb:Chujean–Qʼanjobʼalan
gptkb:Kʼichean–Mamean
gptkb:Eastern_Mayan
gptkb:Western_Mayan
Mamean
|
|
gptkbp:languageOfName
|
gptkb:Mayan_languages
gptkb:Nahuatl
gptkb:Classical_Nahuatl
Mixtec
Zapotec
|
|
gptkbp:languageOfStories
|
gptkb:Nahuatl
|
|
gptkbp:last_major_production
|
circa 900 CE
|
|
gptkbp:lastCityFell
|
1697 CE
|
|
gptkbp:lastIndependentCity
|
gptkb:Nojpetén
|
|
gptkbp:lastIndependentCityFell
|
1697
|
|
gptkbp:linguisticFeature
|
ergativity
vowel harmony
agglutination
glottalized consonants
tone (in some dialects)
|
|
gptkbp:linguisticTypology
|
tonal language
agglutinative
agglutinative language
|
|
gptkbp:locatedIn
|
gptkb:Mesoamerica
|
|
gptkbp:location
|
gptkb:Mexico
gptkb:Maya_city_centers
plazas
|
|
gptkbp:Long_Count
|
linear count of days
|
|
gptkbp:Long_Count_epoch
|
August 11, 3114 BCE (Gregorian)
September 6, 3114 BCE (Julian)
|
|
gptkbp:Long_Count_unit
|
kin
baktun
katun
tun
uinal
|
|
gptkbp:mainCrops
|
maize
squash
beans
chili peppers
cotton
cacao
|
|
gptkbp:mainDeity
|
gptkb:Bochica
gptkb:Chiminigagua
gptkb:Nemqueteba
gptkb:Sué
gptkb:Huitzilopochtli
gptkb:Quetzalcoatl
gptkb:Tezcatlipoca
gptkb:Tlaloc
gptkb:Chalchiuhtlicue
gptkb:Mixcoatl
gptkb:Ometeotl
gptkb:Cihuacoatl
gptkb:Hunahpu
gptkb:Mayahuel
gptkb:Xbalanque
gptkb:Ah_Puch
gptkb:Centeotl
gptkb:Chaac
gptkb:Chac
gptkb:Coatlicue
gptkb:Coyolxauhqui
gptkb:Ek_Chuaj
gptkb:God_A
gptkb:God_B
gptkb:God_C
gptkb:God_D
gptkb:God_E
gptkb:God_F
gptkb:God_G
gptkb:God_H
gptkb:God_I
gptkb:God_K
gptkb:God_L
gptkb:God_M
gptkb:God_O
gptkb:God_P
gptkb:God_Q
gptkb:God_R
gptkb:God_S
gptkb:God_T
gptkb:God_U
gptkb:God_V
gptkb:God_W
gptkb:God_X
gptkb:God_Y
gptkb:God_Z
gptkb:Huehueteotl
gptkb:Hunab_Ku
gptkb:Itzamna
gptkb:Ix_Chel
gptkb:Ix_Tab
gptkb:Ixtab
gptkb:Jaguar_God_of_Terrestrial_Fire
gptkb:Mictecacihuatl
gptkb:Mictlantecuhtli
gptkb:Patecatl
gptkb:Tlazolteotl
gptkb:Tonatiuh
gptkb:Xipe_Totec
gptkb:Xiuhtecuhtli
gptkb:Xochiquetzal
gptkb:Xolotl
gptkb:Yum_Kaax
gptkb:Ekkeko
gptkb:Huanca
gptkb:Illapa
gptkb:Kon
gptkb:Mama_Cocha
gptkb:Mama_Ocllo
gptkb:Mama_Quilla
gptkb:Mama_Sara
gptkb:Pachamama
gptkb:Pariacaca
gptkb:Supay
gptkb:Urcuchillay
gptkb:Viracocha
gptkb:Inti
gptkb:Chía
gptkb:Chibchacum
gptkb:Cuchavira
gptkb:Huitaca
gptkb:Nencatacoa
gptkb:Xué
gptkb:Bachué
gptkb:Atabey
gptkb:Juracán
gptkb:Kukulkan
gptkb:Manco_Cápac
gptkb:Yúcahu
gptkb:Omecihuatl
gptkb:Ometecuhtli
gptkb:Camazotz
gptkb:Guabancex
gptkb:Deminan_Caracaracol
gptkb:Boinayel
gptkb:Opiyelguabirán
Apu
God J
God N
Maquetaurie Guayaba
Marohu
|
|
gptkbp:mainLanguage
|
gptkb:Nahuatl
|
|
gptkbp:majorCity
|
gptkb:Belize
gptkb:El_Salvador
gptkb:Guatemala
gptkb:Honduras
gptkb:Mexico
gptkb:Chichen_Itza
gptkb:Palenque
gptkb:Tenochtitlan
gptkb:Tikal
gptkb:Uxmal
gptkb:Calakmul
gptkb:Caracol
gptkb:Copán
gptkb:Mitla
gptkb:Monte_Albán
Teotihuacan
|
|
gptkbp:material
|
gptkb:stone
granite
limestone
wood
stucco
bark paper
deerskin
|
|
gptkbp:mediaType
|
gptkb:radio_station
newspapers
online resources
TV programs
|
|
gptkbp:medium
|
gptkb:oral_tradition
ceramic vessels
bark paper
stone inscriptions
codex
deer hide
|
|
gptkbp:misconception
|
predicted apocalypse in 2012
|
|
gptkbp:mostHeadsDiscoveredBy
|
gptkb:Matthew_Stirling
|
|
gptkbp:mythology
|
gptkb:Huitzilopochtli
gptkb:Quetzalcoatl
gptkb:Tlaloc
gptkb:Creation_of_the_Fifth_Sun
gptkb:Hero_Twins
gptkb:Popol_Vuh_creation_story
gptkb:Deminan_Caracaracol_and_the_origin_of_the_sea
Viracocha creates the world
|
|
gptkbp:nativeName
|
gptkb:Tu'un_Savi
|
|
gptkbp:notableBook
|
Yes
|
|
gptkbp:notableBuilding
|
gptkb:Acropolis_(Copán)
gptkb:Ballcourt_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:E-Group_complexes
gptkb:Governor's_Palace_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Nohoch_Mul_Pyramid_(Coba)
gptkb:Nunnery_Quadrangle_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Observatory_(El_Caracol,_Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Palace_(Palenque)
gptkb:Structure_16_(Copán)
gptkb:Structure_II_(Calakmul)
gptkb:Structure_I_(Calakmul)
gptkb:Temple_33_(Yaxchilan)
gptkb:Temple_41_(Yaxchilan)
gptkb:Temple_IV_(Tikal)
gptkb:Temple_I_(Tikal)
gptkb:Temple_VI_(Tikal)
gptkb:Temple_V_(Tikal)
gptkb:Temple_of_Kukulcán_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Bearded_Man_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Columns_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Columns_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Descending_God_(Tulum)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Doves_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Frescoes_(Tulum)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Hieroglyphic_Stairway_(Copán)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Initial_Series_(Coba)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Inscriptions_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Inscriptions_(Yaxchilan)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Jaguar_(Tikal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Jaguar_Priest_(Tikal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Jaguars_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Large_Masks_(Calakmul)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Large_Masks_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Lintel_(Yaxchilan)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Magician_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Masks_(Tikal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Masks_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Masonry_Altars_(Comalcalco)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Murals_(Bonampak)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Owls_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Painted_Walls_(Bonampak)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Painted_Walls_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Paintings_(Tulum)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Red_Hands_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Red_Hands_(Yaxchilan)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Skulls_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Skulls_(Copán)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Small_Masks_(Calakmul)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Small_Masks_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Stelae_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Stelae_(Yaxchilan)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Sun_(Yaxchilan)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Turtles_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Warriors_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Warriors_(Uxmal)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Inscriptions
gptkb:El_Castillo_(Chichen_Itza)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Cross_(Palenque)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Foliated_Cross_(Palenque)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Inscriptions_(Palenque)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Masks_(Calakmul)
gptkb:Temple_of_the_Sun_(Palenque)
Temple of the Seven Dolls (Dzibilchaltún)
|
|
gptkbp:notableCity
|
gptkb:Quiriguá
gptkb:Chichen_Itza
gptkb:Palenque
gptkb:Tikal
gptkb:Uxmal
gptkb:Calakmul
gptkb:Caracol
gptkb:Copán
|
|
gptkbp:notableContributor
|
gptkb:Tezcatlipoca
gptkb:Hunab_Ku
gptkb:Nezahualcoyotl
|
|
gptkbp:notableExample
|
gptkb:Dresden_Codex
gptkb:Madrid_Codex
gptkb:Paris_Codex
gptkb:Grolier_Codex
|
|
gptkbp:notableFeature
|
gptkb:Olmec_civilization
plazas
stelae
distinctive headgear
hieroglyphic texts
corbel arch
roof comb
calendar round
complex interlocking cycles
end of 13th baktun in 2012
prediction of solar and lunar eclipses
portraiture of rulers
individualized facial features
day names
interlocking cycles
long count dates
month names
Long Count dates
helmet-like headgear
|
|
gptkbp:notableFestival
|
gptkb:Qhapaq_Raymi
gptkb:Wata_Qhapaq
gptkb:Inti_Raymi
|
|
gptkbp:notableFigure
|
gptkb:Cuauhtémoc
gptkb:La_Malinche
gptkb:Nezahualcoyotl
|
|
gptkbp:notableFor
|
gptkb:Rabinal_Achí
gptkb:Codex_Mendoza
gptkb:Q'eqchi'
gptkb:Codex_Madrid
gptkb:Dresden_Codex
gptkb:Madrid_Codex
gptkb:Paris_Codex
gptkb:Chilam_Balam
gptkb:Codex_Borgia
gptkb:Codex_Dresden
gptkb:Codex_Paris
gptkb:K'iche'
gptkb:chocolate
gptkb:Kaqchikel
gptkb:Lacandon
gptkb:Mam
gptkb:Yucatec_Maya
gptkb:Popol_Vuh
gptkb:Florentine_Codex
gptkb:Legend_of_El_Dorado
agriculture
astronomer
palaces
pyramids
ballgame
calendar systems
codices
human sacrifice
ritual instructions
large size
observatories
writing systems
ballcourts
ceremonial platforms
step pyramids
maize cultivation
origin of the sun and moon
realistic features
unique headgear
mathematical content
Monumental stelae
origin of the sea
the first man and woman
the zemí spirits
jade art
Bachué and the origin of humanity
Bochica and the flood
Chibchacum and the floods
Chía and Sué
Huitaca's rebellion
Nencatacoa the god of festivities
|
|
gptkbp:notableLanguage
|
gptkb:Q'eqchi'
gptkb:K'iche'
gptkb:Kaqchikel
gptkb:Mam
gptkb:Yucatec_Maya
|
|
gptkbp:notableLeader
|
gptkb:Cobata_Head
gptkb:La_Venta_Head_1
gptkb:San_Lorenzo_Head_1
gptkb:Tres_Zapotes_Head_1
|
|
gptkbp:notableMonster
|
gptkb:Jaguar
gptkb:Cenote_spirits
gptkb:Quetzal_bird
|
|
gptkbp:notablePlace
|
gptkb:Dresden_Codex
gptkb:Madrid_Codex
gptkb:Paris_Codex
gptkb:Grolier_Codex
|
|
gptkbp:notableRuler
|
gptkb:Pakal_the_Great
gptkb:Yax_K'uk'_Mo'
gptkb:Jasaw_Chan_K'awiil_I
Maya Varma
|
|
gptkbp:notableSite
|
gptkb:Piedras_Negras
gptkb:Yaxchilan
gptkb:Dos_Pilas
gptkb:Naranjo
gptkb:Quiriguá
gptkb:Chichen_Itza
gptkb:Palenque
gptkb:Tikal
gptkb:Uxmal
gptkb:Calakmul
gptkb:Caracol
gptkb:Copán
|
|
gptkbp:notableWork
|
gptkb:Codex_Borbonicus
gptkb:Codex_Mendoza
gptkb:Chilam_Balam
gptkb:Codex_Borgia
gptkb:Popol_Vuh
gptkb:Florentine_Codex
Huehuetlatolli
|
|
gptkbp:numberKnown
|
17
|
|
gptkbp:numberOfIssues
|
gptkb:racism
land rights
cultural preservation
language preservation
language revitalization
cultural assimilation
|
|
gptkbp:numberOfKnownHeads
|
17
|
|
gptkbp:numberOfSpeakers
|
over 6 million
about 500,000
|
|
gptkbp:oralTradition
|
yes
|
|
gptkbp:order
|
VOS (verb-object-subject)
|
|
gptkbp:originatedIn
|
gptkb:Mesoamerica
|
|
gptkbp:partOf
|
gptkb:Maya_civilization
gptkb:Mesoamerican_cultures
|
|
gptkbp:period
|
gptkb:Postclassic_Mesoamerica
gptkb:Preclassic_Mesoamerica
gptkb:Late_Preclassic_period
gptkb:Pre-Columbian_era
gptkb:Postclassic_period
3rd century CE
Classic period
Colonial era
4th century CE
Preclassic period
|
|
gptkbp:polytheistic
|
true
|
|
gptkbp:population
|
over 6 million
about 2.5 million
|
|
gptkbp:possibleRepresentation
|
Olmec rulers
|
|
gptkbp:postClassicCenters
|
gptkb:Chichen_Itza
gptkb:Uxmal
gptkb:Mayapan
|
|
gptkbp:practicedIn
|
gptkb:Maya_civilization
gptkb:Taíno_people
gptkb:Maya_peoples
|
|
gptkbp:preColumbianCity
|
gptkb:Tenochtitlan
gptkb:Texcoco
gptkb:Tlacopan
|
|
gptkbp:predecessor
|
gptkb:Satavahana_dynasty
|
|
gptkbp:preservedIn
|
gptkb:archaeological_site
gptkb:oral_tradition
libraries
museums
codices
petroglyphs
colonial manuscripts
Spanish colonial chronicles
colonial chronicles
|
|
gptkbp:purpose
|
gptkb:historical_documents
gptkb:ritual
gptkb:prophecy
administrative functions
astronomer
religious ceremonies
astronomical records
residential use
ritual calendar
ritual timing
agricultural planning
historical record keeping
commemorate calendrical events
legitimize rulership
record dynastic history
astronomical record
|
|
gptkbp:region
|
gptkb:Altiplano_Cundiboyacense
gptkb:Belize
gptkb:Caribbean
gptkb:Central_America
gptkb:Central_Mexico
gptkb:El_Salvador
gptkb:Guatemala
gptkb:Honduras
gptkb:Mexico
gptkb:Oaxaca
gptkb:Greater_Antilles
gptkb:Guerrero
gptkb:Hidalgo
gptkb:Mesoamerica
gptkb:Morelos
gptkb:Puebla
gptkb:South_India
gptkb:Tlaxcala
gptkb:Veracruz
gptkb:Yucatán_Peninsula
gptkb:Gulf_Coast_of_Mexico
San Luis Potosí
eastern El Salvador
western Honduras
|
|
gptkbp:relatedGroup
|
gptkb:Aztecs
gptkb:Pipil
|
|
gptkbp:relatedTo
|
gptkb:Q'eqchi'_Maya
gptkb:Cuicatec_language
gptkb:Trique_language
gptkb:Maya_civilization
gptkb:Aztec_calendar
gptkb:Centzon_Huitznahua
gptkb:Tlalocan
gptkb:Tlaltecuhtli
gptkb:Lacandon_Maya
gptkb:Mixe–Zoque_languages
gptkb:Centzon_Totochtin
gptkb:K'iche'_Maya
gptkb:Mam_Maya
gptkb:Mictlan
gptkb:ancient_Maya_civilization
gptkb:Rancho_la_Cobata
gptkb:Oto-Manguean_languages
gptkb:Patecatl
gptkb:Xolotl
gptkb:Mesoamerican_calendars
gptkb:Tenochtitlan
gptkb:La_Venta
gptkb:Andean_mythology
gptkb:Chavín_mythology
gptkb:Moche_mythology
gptkb:Tiwanaku_mythology
gptkb:Mesoamerican_religion
gptkb:Cipactli
gptkb:Ehecatl
gptkb:Aztec_religion
gptkb:San_Lorenzo_Tenochtitlán
gptkb:Tres_Zapotes
gptkb:Yucatec_Maya
gptkb:Aztlan
gptkb:Camaxtli
gptkb:Chicomoztoc
gptkb:Itzpapalotl
gptkb:Ixtlilton
gptkb:K'iche'_Maya_calendar
gptkb:Malinalxochitl
gptkb:Tonatiuhichan
gptkb:Tzitzimimeh
gptkb:Yacatecuhtli
gptkb:Yucatec_Maya_calendar
gptkb:Carib_mythology
gptkb:Mayan_civilization
gptkb:Arawak_mythology
Maya religion
Maya cosmology
Aztec rituals
Aztec festivals
Aztec pantheon
Aztec temples
Zapotec language
Indigenous Caribbean religions
Tairona mythology
|
|
gptkbp:religion
|
gptkb:Christianity
gptkb:Hinduism
gptkb:Roman_Catholicism
mythology
Maya religion
Indigenous beliefs
|
|
gptkbp:religionsPracticed
|
mythology
|
|
gptkbp:rituals
|
gptkb:Classic_Maya
gptkb:Yucatec_Maya
gptkb:ballgame_(Pok-ta-pok)
gptkb:cohoba_ceremony
gptkb:El_Dorado_ceremony
ballgame
human sacrifice
offering of food
ballgame ceremonies
bloodletting
offering of flowers
areíto
|
|
gptkbp:roofType
|
thatched roofs
stone vaults
|
|
gptkbp:ruled
|
parts of Andhra Pradesh
parts of Karnataka
|
|
gptkbp:sacredAnimal
|
gptkb:Dragon
gptkb:deer
gptkb:lion
gptkb:quetzal
bay
condor
puma
|
|
gptkbp:sacredText
|
gptkb:jade
gptkb:Codex_Borbonicus
gptkb:Codex_Mendoza
gptkb:Chilam_Balam
gptkb:Codex_Borgia
gptkb:Popol_Vuh
gptkb:Florentine_Codex
maize
obsidian
cassava
cacao
duho
zemí
copal incense
stingray spine
cohoba
|
|
gptkbp:significance
|
earliest monumental art in Mesoamerica
symbol of Olmec civilization
|
|
gptkbp:socialStructure
|
gptkb:noble_family
priests
city-states
commoners
|
|
gptkbp:spokenIn
|
gptkb:Belize
gptkb:El_Salvador
gptkb:Guatemala
gptkb:Honduras
gptkb:Mexico
gptkb:Oaxaca
gptkb:Guerrero
gptkb:Mesoamerica
gptkb:Puebla
|
|
gptkbp:sport
|
Mesoamerican ballgame
|
|
gptkbp:startDate
|
gptkb:Pre-Columbian_era
c. 2000 BCE
|
|
gptkbp:status
|
recognized regional language in Mexico
recognized minority language in Mexico
still spoken
official language in Guatemala (some dialects)
|
|
gptkbp:structure
|
cathedral
|
|
gptkbp:studiedIn
|
comparative philosophy
indigenous philosophy
philosophy of the Americas
|
|
gptkbp:style
|
gptkb:ceramics
gptkb:frescoes
gptkb:jade
gptkb:sculpture
stone carving
featherwork
relief carving
polychrome painting
stelae carving
|
|
gptkbp:subjectOf
|
archaeological research
iconographic analysis
debate about identity
|
|
gptkbp:successor
|
gptkb:Kadamba_dynasty
|
|
gptkbp:supportsLanguage
|
mix
various ISO 639-3 codes for dialects
|
|
gptkbp:survivesIn
|
gptkb:Dresden_Codex
gptkb:Madrid_Codex
gptkb:Paris_Codex
gptkb:Grolier_Codex
|
|
gptkbp:symbol
|
gptkb:Dragon
gptkb:Moon
gptkb:event
gptkb:jade
gptkb:lion
gptkb:galaxy
gptkb:duho_chair
corn
sun
rock art
ceiba tree
trigonolito
|
|
gptkbp:teaches
|
taught in schools in Guatemala (some dialects)
taught in schools in Mexico (some dialects)
|
|
gptkbp:technology
|
irrigation
chinampas
terracing
stone masonry
obsidian tools
|
|
gptkbp:theme
|
gptkb:astronomy
gptkb:philosophy
gptkb:surname
gptkb:prophecy
ethics
history
mythology
ancestor worship
cosmic order
rituals
creation myths
balance
sun worship
duality
nature deities
sacred geography
cyclical time
sacred lakes
origin of humanity
gods and deities
gold rituals
sun and moon worship
nature and humanity
sacredness of maize
teotl (divine energy)
|
|
gptkbp:traditionalCraft
|
gptkb:ceramics
gptkb:jade
farming
wood
weaving
basketry
|
|
gptkbp:traditionalDance
|
gptkb:Rabinal_Achí
gptkb:Baile_del_venado
gptkb:Danza_de_los_monos
|
|
gptkbp:traditionalDress
|
gptkb:huipil
tilma
corte
|
|
gptkbp:traditionalFood
|
gptkb:chocolate
maize
squash
beans
chili peppers
pozole
atole
tamales
tortillas
|
|
gptkbp:traditionalMusic
|
gptkb:orchestra
gptkb:saxophone
drums
sones
danzas
|
|
gptkbp:tun_length
|
360 days
|
|
gptkbp:Tzolk'in
|
260-day ritual calendar
|
|
gptkbp:Tzolk'in_cycle
|
13 numbers and 20 day names
|
|
gptkbp:Tzolk'in_year_length
|
260 days
|
|
gptkbp:uinal_length
|
20 days
|
|
gptkbp:UNESCOStatus
|
gptkb:Nahuatl_language_(endangered)
Vulnerable
some languages endangered
vulnerable (some dialects)
|
|
gptkbp:UNESCOWorldHeritageSite
|
gptkb:Quiriguá
gptkb:Palenque_National_Park
gptkb:Chichen_Itza
gptkb:Palenque
gptkb:Uxmal
gptkb:La_Venta
gptkb:Copán
gptkb:Tikal_National_Park
gptkb:Copán_Ruins
gptkb:Quiriguá_Archaeological_Park
yes
|
|
gptkbp:usedBy
|
gptkb:Maya_civilization
gptkb:Aztec_civilization
gptkb:Olmec_civilization
gptkb:Maya_peoples
gptkb:Mixtec_civilization
gptkb:Zapotec_civilization
gptkb:Mixtec_people
|
|
gptkbp:usedFor
|
gptkb:literature
rituals
administration (historically)
ritual events
agricultural planning
historical record keeping
Maya civilization inscriptions
|
|
gptkbp:usedInEducation
|
limited
|
|
gptkbp:weight
|
6 to 50 tons
6–50 tons
|
|
gptkbp:worshippedIn
|
gptkb:Chaac
gptkb:Hunab_Ku
gptkb:Itzamna
gptkb:Ix_Chel
gptkb:Kukulkan
music and dance
ritual bathing
ancient Maya people
batey
cemi mount
offerings of gold
pilgrimages to sacred lakes
sacrifice of emeralds
sacrifice of tunjos
|
|
gptkbp:writingSystem
|
gptkb:Mixtec_script
gptkb:Latin_script
gptkb:Maya_script
gptkb:Zapotec_script
gptkb:Aztec_pictograms
gptkb:Mayan_hieroglyphs
glyphs
Nahuatl pictographic script
|
|
gptkbp:writtenBy
|
gptkb:Maya_hieroglyphs
|
|
gptkbp:相关语言
|
gptkb:Spanish
|
|
gptkbp:bfsParent
|
gptkb:Trinity
gptkb:deity
gptkb:quetzal
gptkb:Hanal_Pixán
|
|
gptkbp:bfsLayer
|
4
|