Proto-Austronesian

All labels observed (2)

Label	Occurrences
Proto-Austronesian canonical	16
Proto-Austronesian language	13

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T756284 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Proto-Austronesian
Context triple: [Modern Javanese, hasAncestor, Proto-Austronesian]

A. Austronesian languages
Austronesian languages are a large and widely dispersed language family spoken across maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the Pacific Islands, and parts of mainland Asia.
B. Austroasiatic
Austroasiatic is a large and ancient language family of mainland Southeast Asia and parts of South Asia, including languages such as Khmer, Vietnamese, and Mon.
C. Malayo-Polynesian languages
Malayo-Polynesian languages are a major branch of the Austronesian language family spoken across Southeast Asia, Madagascar, and the Pacific, including languages such as Indonesian, Tagalog, Javanese, and Malagasy.
D. Meso-Melanesian languages
The Meso-Melanesian languages are a subgroup of Oceanic Austronesian languages spoken primarily in parts of Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.
E. Polynesian languages
Polynesian languages are a branch of the Austronesian language family spoken across the Polynesian islands of the central and southern Pacific Ocean, including languages such as Māori, Hawaiian, and Samoan.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Proto-Austronesian
Target entity description: Proto-Austronesian is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Austronesian language family, from which languages such as Javanese, Tagalog, and Malay are derived.

A. Austronesian languages
Austronesian languages are a large and widely dispersed language family spoken across maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the Pacific Islands, and parts of mainland Asia.
B. Austroasiatic
Austroasiatic is a large and ancient language family of mainland Southeast Asia and parts of South Asia, including languages such as Khmer, Vietnamese, and Mon.
C. Malayo-Polynesian languages
Malayo-Polynesian languages are a major branch of the Austronesian language family spoken across Southeast Asia, Madagascar, and the Pacific, including languages such as Indonesian, Tagalog, Javanese, and Malagasy.
D. Meso-Melanesian languages
The Meso-Melanesian languages are a subgroup of Oceanic Austronesian languages spoken primarily in parts of Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.
E. Polynesian languages
Polynesian languages are a branch of the Austronesian language family spoken across the Polynesian islands of the central and southern Pacific Ocean, including languages such as Māori, Hawaiian, and Samoan.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (57)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Austronesian language ⓘ proto-language ⓘ reconstructed language ⓘ
belongsToLanguageFamily	Austronesian languages ⓘ surface form: Austronesian language family
hasApproximateHomeland	Taiwan, Province of China ⓘ surface form: Taiwan island Southeast Asia ⓘ
hasEstimatedDating	circa 4000–3000 BCE ⓘ
hasLexicalReconstruction	anak ‘child’ ⓘ baqeRu ‘new’ ⓘ inum ‘drink’ ⓘ ma-qatej ‘dead’ ⓘ ma-qatej ‘die’ ⓘ ma-qayaw ‘go up’ ⓘ pusa ‘cat’ ⓘ qabu ‘ash’ ⓘ qasu ‘smoke’ ⓘ qaya ‘what’ ⓘ
hasMorphologicalFeature	affixation ⓘ focus system ⓘ reduplication ⓘ voice system ⓘ
hasPhonologicalFeature	contrastive nasal consonants ⓘ contrastive stops ⓘ simple vowel system ⓘ
hasReconstructionMethod	comparative method ⓘ
hasResearchField	comparative Austronesian linguistics ⓘ historical linguistics ⓘ
hasStatus	reconstructed ⓘ unattested ⓘ
hasSubgroup	Formosan languages ⓘ surface form: Proto-Formosan Proto-Malayo-Polynesian language ⓘ surface form: Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
hasSyntacticFeature	Austronesian alignment ⓘ verb-initial word order ⓘ
hasTimeDepth	Stone Age ⓘ surface form: Neolithic period
hasWritingSystem	none ⓘ
isAncestorOf	Austronesian languages ⓘ Cebuano language ⓘ surface form: Cebuano Chamorro ⓘ Fijian languages ⓘ surface form: Fijian Formosan languages ⓘ Hawaiian ⓘ Ilocano language ⓘ surface form: Ilocano Indonesian ⓘ Javanese ⓘ Malagasy ⓘ Malay ⓘ Malayo-Polynesian languages ⓘ Māori ⓘ surface form: Maori Oceanic languages ⓘ Philippine languages ⓘ Easter Island ⓘ surface form: Rapa Nui Samoan ⓘ Tagalog ⓘ Tongan ⓘ
studiedBy	Otto Dempwolff ⓘ Paul Jen-kuei Li ⓘ Robert Blust ⓘ

How these facts were elicited