Cleomenes III of Sparta
E941889
Cleomenes III of Sparta was a reformist Spartan king of the 3rd century BCE who attempted to restore traditional Spartan institutions and expand Spartan power before being defeated by the Macedonians.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Cleomenes III of Sparta canonical | 5 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11707984 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cleomenes III of Sparta Context triple: [Sphaerus of Borysthenes, associatedWith, Cleomenes III of Sparta]
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A.
Cleomenes I of Sparta
Cleomenes I of Sparta was a powerful late 6th–early 5th century BC Spartan king known for his aggressive foreign policy, including intervention in Athenian politics and conflicts with Persia and other Greek states.
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B.
Areus I of Sparta
Areus I of Sparta was a 3rd-century BC Spartan king of the Agiad dynasty known for his efforts to revive Spartan power and his involvement in the Hellenistic conflicts against Macedon.
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C.
Spartan king Pleistoanax
Spartan king Pleistoanax was a 5th-century BCE Agiad ruler of Sparta known for his controversial leadership, including a peace-oriented policy toward Athens that led to his temporary exile.
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D.
Archidamus III
Archidamus III was a 4th-century BC Spartan king known for his military leadership during the Spartan decline following the Peloponnesian War.
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E.
Clearchus of Sparta
Clearchus of Sparta was a 5th-century BC Spartan general best known for commanding Greek mercenaries in Cyrus the Younger's campaign against Artaxerxes II, as famously recounted in Xenophon's Anabasis.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cleomenes III of Sparta Target entity description: Cleomenes III of Sparta was a reformist Spartan king of the 3rd century BCE who attempted to restore traditional Spartan institutions and expand Spartan power before being defeated by the Macedonians.
-
A.
Cleomenes I of Sparta
Cleomenes I of Sparta was a powerful late 6th–early 5th century BC Spartan king known for his aggressive foreign policy, including intervention in Athenian politics and conflicts with Persia and other Greek states.
-
B.
Areus I of Sparta
Areus I of Sparta was a 3rd-century BC Spartan king of the Agiad dynasty known for his efforts to revive Spartan power and his involvement in the Hellenistic conflicts against Macedon.
-
C.
Spartan king Pleistoanax
Spartan king Pleistoanax was a 5th-century BCE Agiad ruler of Sparta known for his controversial leadership, including a peace-oriented policy toward Athens that led to his temporary exile.
-
D.
Archidamus III
Archidamus III was a 4th-century BC Spartan king known for his military leadership during the Spartan decline following the Peloponnesian War.
-
E.
Clearchus of Sparta
Clearchus of Sparta was a 5th-century BC Spartan general best known for commanding Greek mercenaries in Cyrus the Younger's campaign against Artaxerxes II, as famously recounted in Xenophon's Anabasis.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Hellenistic-period ruler
ⓘ
Spartan king ⓘ ancient Greek person ⓘ |
| activeIn | Hellenistic Greece NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| aimedTo |
re-establish Spartan hegemony in the Peloponnese
ⓘ
restore Lycurgan constitution ⓘ |
| alliedWith | Ptolemy III Euergetes NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| birthPlace | Sparta NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| causeOfDeath | suicide ⓘ |
| conflict | Cleomenean War NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| coRulerWith |
Agesipolis III of Sparta
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Archidamus V of Sparta NERFINISHED ⓘ Eudamidas III of Sparta NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| country | Sparta NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| deathDate | circa 219 BCE ⓘ |
| deathPlace |
Alexandria
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Ptolemaic Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| defeatedAt | Battle of Sellasia NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| defeatedBy |
Antigonus III Doson
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Macedonian army NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| father | Leonidas II of Sparta NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| fullName | Cleomenes III NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| implementedPolicy |
abolition of ephorate (traditional board of ephors)
ⓘ
enlargement of the citizen body in Sparta ⓘ restoration of the agoge ⓘ strengthening of the Spartan kingship ⓘ |
| knownFor |
Cleomenean reforms
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
attempt to restore traditional Spartan institutions ⓘ cancellation of debts in Sparta ⓘ expansion of Spartan power in the Peloponnese ⓘ military campaigns against the Achaean League ⓘ redistribution of land in Sparta ⓘ war with Antigonus III Doson of Macedon ⓘ |
| language | Ancient Greek ⓘ |
| memberOf | Eurypontid dynasty NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| mother | Cratesiclea NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| occupation |
military leader
ⓘ
monarch ⓘ |
| opponent |
Achaean League
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Antigonus III Doson NERFINISHED ⓘ Macedon NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| positionHeld |
Eurypontid king of Sparta
ⓘ
King of Sparta NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| reignEnd | circa 222 BCE ⓘ |
| reignStart | circa 235 BCE ⓘ |
| religion | Ancient Greek religion ⓘ |
| resultOfDefeat | flight to Egypt ⓘ |
| soughtSupportFrom | Ptolemaic Egypt NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| spouse | Agesistrata NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 3rd century BCE ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Cleomenes III of Sparta Description of subject: Cleomenes III of Sparta was a reformist Spartan king of the 3rd century BCE who attempted to restore traditional Spartan institutions and expand Spartan power before being defeated by the Macedonians.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.