Buddha’s parinirvana

E940312

Buddhist religious event death of a religious founder parinirvana

Buddha’s parinirvana refers to the final passing away of Siddhartha Gautama, marking his complete liberation from the cycle of birth and death and the end of his physical existence.

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All labels observed (11)

Label	Occurrences
Buddha’s parinirvana canonical	3
Parinirvana of Gautama Buddha	2
parinirvana of Gautama Buddha	2
parinirvana of the Buddha	2
parinirvāṇa of Gautama Buddha	2
Buddha’s Mahaparinirvana	1
Buddha’s final nirvana	1
Cremation of Gautama Buddha	1
Kusinara, place of the Buddha’s parinirvana	1
Mahaparinirvana of the Buddha	1
mahāparinibbāna	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11673998 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Buddha’s parinirvana
Context triple: [Kushinagar, associatedEvent, Buddha’s parinirvana]

A. Nibbana
Nibbana is the ultimate liberation in Buddhism, a state of complete freedom from suffering, craving, and the cycle of rebirth.
B. Turning of the Wheel of Dharma
Turning of the Wheel of Dharma refers to the Buddha’s first sermon at Sarnath, which inaugurated the formal teaching of Buddhism and set in motion the core doctrines of the Dharma.
C. Bodhi Day
Bodhi Day is a Buddhist holiday that celebrates the Buddha’s enlightenment under the Bodhi tree.
D. Buddha’s descent from Tavatimsa heaven
Buddha’s descent from Tavatimsa heaven is a key episode in Buddhist tradition recounting the Buddha’s return to earth after teaching the Abhidhamma to his mother in the celestial Tavatimsa realm.
E. Koṇāgamana Buddha
Koṇāgamana Buddha is revered in Theravāda Buddhist tradition as one of the past Buddhas who attained enlightenment long before the historical Gautama Buddha.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Buddha’s parinirvana
Target entity description: Buddha’s parinirvana refers to the final passing away of Siddhartha Gautama, marking his complete liberation from the cycle of birth and death and the end of his physical existence.

A. Nibbana
Nibbana is the ultimate liberation in Buddhism, a state of complete freedom from suffering, craving, and the cycle of rebirth.
B. Turning of the Wheel of Dharma
Turning of the Wheel of Dharma refers to the Buddha’s first sermon at Sarnath, which inaugurated the formal teaching of Buddhism and set in motion the core doctrines of the Dharma.
C. Bodhi Day
Bodhi Day is a Buddhist holiday that celebrates the Buddha’s enlightenment under the Bodhi tree.
D. Buddha’s descent from Tavatimsa heaven
Buddha’s descent from Tavatimsa heaven is a key episode in Buddhist tradition recounting the Buddha’s return to earth after teaching the Abhidhamma to his mother in the celestial Tavatimsa realm.
E. Koṇāgamana Buddha
Koṇāgamana Buddha is revered in Theravāda Buddhist tradition as one of the past Buddhas who attained enlightenment long before the historical Gautama Buddha.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (48)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Buddhist religious event ⓘ death of a religious founder ⓘ parinirvana ⓘ
ageOfBuddha	about 80 years ⓘ
associatedPractice	meditation on impermanence ⓘ reflection on death (maranānussati) ⓘ
associatedWith	Mahāparinibbāna Sutta ⓘ linked to: Mahaparinibbana Sutta
category	Buddhist eschatology ⓘ Buddhist festivals and observances ⓘ events in the Buddha’s life ⓘ
commemoratedBy	Buddhist lay followers ⓘ Buddhist monastics ⓘ
concerns	Siddhartha Gautama ⓘ linked to: Shakyamuni Buddha the historical Buddha ⓘ linked to: Shakyamuni Buddha
coreThemeIn	Mahāyāna tradition ⓘ linked to: Mahayana Theravāda tradition ⓘ linked to: Theravada early Buddhist scriptures ⓘ
describedIn	Dīgha Nikāya ⓘ linked to: Sutta Pitaka Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra (Mahāyāna) ⓘ linked to: Mahaparinirvana Sutra
doctrinalSignificance	demonstration of impermanence of all conditioned things ⓘ model of the ideal death of an enlightened being ⓘ
followedBy	cremation of the Buddha’s body ⓘ distribution of Buddha’s relics ⓘ
isCalled	mahāparinibbāna ⓘ linked to: Buddha’s parinirvana mahāparinirvāṇa ⓘ parinibbāna ⓘ
languageForm	Pali: parinibbāna ⓘ Sanskrit: parinirvāṇa ⓘ
marks	complete liberation from the cycle of birth and death ⓘ end of the Buddha’s physical existence ⓘ
precededBy	Buddha’s final teachings to his disciples ⓘ Buddha’s last journey to Kusinārā ⓘ
precondition	Buddha’s attainment of nirvana during life ⓘ
refersTo	final passing away of Siddhartha Gautama ⓘ
relatedConcept	nirvana with remainder ⓘ nirvana without remainder ⓘ
religiousTradition	Buddhism ⓘ
signifies	end of all future rebirths for the Buddha ⓘ final nirvana after death ⓘ
symbolizedBy	reclining Buddha images ⓘ stupas enshrining relics ⓘ
time	around 5th century BCE ⓘ
tookPlaceIn	Kushinagar ⓘ Kusinārā ⓘ Malla republic ⓘ linked to: Malla republics present-day Uttar Pradesh, India ⓘ
veneratedOn	Nirvana Day ⓘ Parinirvana Day ⓘ

How these facts were elicited