associated with papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus
E875688
Malleus Maleficarum is a late 15th-century treatise on witchcraft that became one of the most influential and notorious manuals for identifying, prosecuting, and executing alleged witches in early modern Europe.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| associated with papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus canonical | 1 |
| claims support from papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10622661 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: associated with papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus Context triple: [Malleus Maleficarum, papalContext, associated with papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus]
-
A.
papal bull Exigit sincerae devotionis affectus
Exigit sincerae devotionis affectus is the 1478 papal bull issued by Pope Sixtus IV that authorized the establishment of the Spanish Inquisition.
-
B.
papal bull Aeterni regis
Aeterni regis is a 1481 papal bull that confirmed earlier treaties dividing newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Castile, shaping early colonial territorial claims.
-
C.
papal bull "Cum non solum"
The papal bull "Cum non solum" is a 1245 letter from Pope Innocent IV addressed to the Mongol ruler Güyük Khan, urging peace with Christian nations and calling for an end to attacks on Europe.
-
D.
papal bull Clericis Laicos
The papal bull Clericis Laicos was a 1296 decree by Pope Boniface VIII forbidding secular rulers from taxing the clergy without papal approval, intensifying conflicts between the papacy and European monarchs.
-
E.
papal bull Inter gravissimas
The papal bull *Inter gravissimas* was the 1582 decree by Pope Gregory XIII that reformed the calendar system, leading to the adoption of the Gregorian calendar.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: associated with papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus Target entity description: Malleus Maleficarum is a late 15th-century treatise on witchcraft that became one of the most influential and notorious manuals for identifying, prosecuting, and executing alleged witches in early modern Europe.
-
A.
papal bull Exigit sincerae devotionis affectus
Exigit sincerae devotionis affectus is the 1478 papal bull issued by Pope Sixtus IV that authorized the establishment of the Spanish Inquisition.
-
B.
papal bull Aeterni regis
Aeterni regis is a 1481 papal bull that confirmed earlier treaties dividing newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Castile, shaping early colonial territorial claims.
-
C.
papal bull "Cum non solum"
The papal bull "Cum non solum" is a 1245 letter from Pope Innocent IV addressed to the Mongol ruler Güyük Khan, urging peace with Christian nations and calling for an end to attacks on Europe.
-
D.
papal bull Clericis Laicos
The papal bull Clericis Laicos was a 1296 decree by Pope Boniface VIII forbidding secular rulers from taxing the clergy without papal approval, intensifying conflicts between the papacy and European monarchs.
-
E.
papal bull Inter gravissimas
The papal bull *Inter gravissimas* was the 1582 decree by Pope Gregory XIII that reformed the calendar system, leading to the adoption of the Gregorian calendar.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
treatise
ⓘ
witch-hunting manual ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Inquisition
ⓘ
papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus ⓘ witch trials ⓘ |
| author |
Heinrich Kramer
ⓘ
Jacob Sprenger ⓘ |
| circulation | widely distributed in early modern Europe ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Holy Roman Empire ⓘ |
| criticizedFor |
misogyny
ⓘ
promoting torture ⓘ pseudo-legal reasoning ⓘ |
| genre |
demonology
ⓘ
legal manual ⓘ theological treatise ⓘ |
| hasPart |
arguments for reality of witchcraft
ⓘ
demonological theory ⓘ guidelines for interrogation ⓘ procedures for witch trials ⓘ |
| hasView | women more susceptible to witchcraft ⓘ |
| historicalContext | late medieval and early modern witch hunts ⓘ |
| impact | contributed to legal persecution of alleged witches ⓘ |
| influenced |
early modern European legal practice on witchcraft
ⓘ
popular beliefs about witches ⓘ |
| influencedBy | Summis desiderantes affectibus ⓘ |
| language | Latin ⓘ |
| legalPosition | argues for harsh punishment of witches ⓘ |
| mainSubject | witchcraft ⓘ |
| notableFor |
influence on European witch hunts
ⓘ
misogynistic views on women ⓘ systematization of witchcraft prosecution ⓘ |
| part1Focus | theoretical discussion of witchcraft and heresy ⓘ |
| part2Focus | description of alleged witch practices ⓘ |
| part3Focus | judicial procedures against witches ⓘ |
| placeOfPublication | Speyer ⓘ |
| printedBy | Peter Drach ⓘ |
| printingTechnology | early printing press ⓘ |
| publicationDate | 1487 ⓘ |
| religiousAuthorityClaim | claims support from papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus ⓘ |
| religiousTradition |
Catholicism
ⓘ
linked to:
Roman Catholicism
|
| structure | three-part work ⓘ |
| theologicalPosition | affirms reality of diabolical witchcraft ⓘ |
| timePeriod | late 15th century ⓘ |
| title | Malleus Maleficarum ⓘ |
| usesSource |
biblical passages
ⓘ
canon law ⓘ scholastic theology ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: associated with papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus Description of subject: Malleus Maleficarum is a late 15th-century treatise on witchcraft that became one of the most influential and notorious manuals for identifying, prosecuting, and executing alleged witches in early modern Europe.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Malleus Maleficarum
→
religiousAuthorityClaim
→
claims support from papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus
ⓘ
subject linked to:
associated with papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus
linked to: associated with papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus