PMNS matrix
E860354
The PMNS matrix is a unitary matrix in particle physics that encodes the mixing between neutrino flavor and mass eigenstates, governing the phenomenon of neutrino oscillations.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| PMNS matrix canonical | 2 |
| Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix | 2 |
| leptonic mixing matrix | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10376284 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: PMNS matrix Context triple: [neutrino oscillation, describedBy, PMNS matrix]
-
A.
Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix
The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix is a fundamental component of the Standard Model of particle physics that describes how quarks change flavor via the weak interaction and accounts for CP violation in the quark sector.
-
B.
Kobayashi–Maskawa theory
The Kobayashi–Maskawa theory is a fundamental framework in particle physics that explains CP violation in the Standard Model through a three-generation quark mixing matrix (the CKM matrix).
-
C.
Cabibbo theory
Cabibbo theory is a framework in particle physics that describes the mixing of down and strange quarks in weak interactions through a single mixing angle, laying groundwork later generalized by the CKM matrix.
-
D.
Gell-Mann matrices
Gell-Mann matrices are a set of eight 3×3 traceless Hermitian matrices that serve as the generators of the SU(3) Lie algebra in quantum chromodynamics and other areas of particle physics.
-
E.
neutrino oscillation
Neutrino oscillation is a quantum phenomenon in which neutrinos change from one flavor type to another as they travel, implying that they have mass and mix between flavor states.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: PMNS matrix Target entity description: The PMNS matrix is a unitary matrix in particle physics that encodes the mixing between neutrino flavor and mass eigenstates, governing the phenomenon of neutrino oscillations.
-
A.
Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix
The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix is a fundamental component of the Standard Model of particle physics that describes how quarks change flavor via the weak interaction and accounts for CP violation in the quark sector.
-
B.
Kobayashi–Maskawa theory
The Kobayashi–Maskawa theory is a fundamental framework in particle physics that explains CP violation in the Standard Model through a three-generation quark mixing matrix (the CKM matrix).
-
C.
Cabibbo theory
Cabibbo theory is a framework in particle physics that describes the mixing of down and strange quarks in weak interactions through a single mixing angle, laying groundwork later generalized by the CKM matrix.
-
D.
Gell-Mann matrices
Gell-Mann matrices are a set of eight 3×3 traceless Hermitian matrices that serve as the generators of the SU(3) Lie algebra in quantum chromodynamics and other areas of particle physics.
-
E.
neutrino oscillation
Neutrino oscillation is a quantum phenomenon in which neutrinos change from one flavor type to another as they travel, implying that they have mass and mix between flavor states.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
concept in particle physics
ⓘ
lepton mixing matrix ⓘ neutrino mixing matrix ⓘ unitary matrix ⓘ |
| alternativeName |
Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix
ⓘ
linked to:
PMNS matrix
leptonic mixing matrix ⓘ
linked to:
PMNS matrix
|
| analogOf |
CKM matrix
ⓘ
linked to:
Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix
|
| appearsIn |
Standard Model extended with neutrino masses
ⓘ
linked to:
neutrino oscillation
|
| appliesTo | lepton sector ⓘ |
| conserves | total probability of neutrino flavor states ⓘ |
| dependsOn |
baseline of neutrino propagation
ⓘ
mass-squared differences of neutrinos ⓘ neutrino energy ⓘ |
| describes | mixing between neutrino flavor eigenstates and mass eigenstates ⓘ |
| governs | neutrino oscillations ⓘ |
| hasConsequence | CP violation in the lepton sector (if δ ≠ 0,π) ⓘ |
| hasElement |
U_e1
ⓘ
U_e2 ⓘ U_e3 ⓘ U_μ1 ⓘ U_μ2 ⓘ U_μ3 ⓘ U_τ1 ⓘ U_τ2 ⓘ U_τ3 ⓘ |
| hasProperty | unitary ⓘ |
| implies | lepton flavor violation in neutrino propagation ⓘ |
| introducedInContextOf | neutrino oscillation theory ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm | 3×3 complex matrix ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Bruno Pontecorvo
ⓘ
Masami Nakagawa ⓘ Shoichi Sakata ⓘ Ziro Maki ⓘ
linked to:
Maki Ziro
|
| parameterizedBy |
Dirac CP-violating phase δ
ⓘ
Majorana phase α1 ⓘ Majorana phase α2 ⓘ θ12 mixing angle ⓘ θ13 mixing angle ⓘ θ23 mixing angle ⓘ |
| relatedConcept | neutrino mass hierarchy ⓘ |
| relates |
electron neutrino flavor state
ⓘ
first neutrino mass eigenstate ⓘ muon neutrino flavor state ⓘ second neutrino mass eigenstate ⓘ tau neutrino flavor state ⓘ third neutrino mass eigenstate ⓘ |
| usedIn |
analysis of accelerator neutrino experiments
ⓘ
analysis of atmospheric neutrino oscillations ⓘ analysis of reactor neutrino experiments ⓘ analysis of solar neutrino oscillations ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: PMNS matrix Description of subject: The PMNS matrix is a unitary matrix in particle physics that encodes the mixing between neutrino flavor and mass eigenstates, governing the phenomenon of neutrino oscillations.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: PMNS matrix
linked to: PMNS matrix
linked to: PMNS matrix