Proton
E786509
Proton is a family of heavy-lift Russian expendable launch vehicles widely used to place large satellites and payloads into orbit.
All labels observed (2)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T9232106 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Proton Context triple: [A2100, launchVehicleCompatibility, Proton]
-
A.
Sonyae Elise
Sonyae Elise is an American singer-songwriter known for her soulful vocals and R&B-influenced pop music, as well as her songwriting work for various artists.
-
B.
Maxus
Maxus is a commercial vehicle brand known for producing vans, pickups, and light trucks, owned by the Chinese automotive giant SAIC Motor.
-
C.
Mobil
Mobil is a major American oil company and fuel brand that became part of ExxonMobil after a 1999 merger.
-
D.
Azuga
Azuga is a small mountain resort town in Romania known for its ski slopes and scenic location in the Carpathian Mountains.
-
E.
The Car
"The Car" is a 2022 studio album by English rock band Arctic Monkeys, noted for its lush orchestration, cinematic atmosphere, and introspective songwriting.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Proton Target entity description: Proton is a family of heavy-lift Russian expendable launch vehicles widely used to place large satellites and payloads into orbit.
-
A.
Sonyae Elise
Sonyae Elise is an American singer-songwriter known for her soulful vocals and R&B-influenced pop music, as well as her songwriting work for various artists.
-
B.
Maxus
Maxus is a commercial vehicle brand known for producing vans, pickups, and light trucks, owned by the Chinese automotive giant SAIC Motor.
-
C.
Mobil
Mobil is a major American oil company and fuel brand that became part of ExxonMobil after a 1999 merger.
-
D.
Azuga
Azuga is a small mountain resort town in Romania known for its ski slopes and scenic location in the Carpathian Mountains.
-
E.
The Car
"The Car" is a 2022 studio album by English rock band Arctic Monkeys, noted for its lush orchestration, cinematic atmosphere, and introspective songwriting.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
family of expendable launch vehicles
ⓘ
heavy-lift launch vehicle ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin |
Russia
ⓘ
Soviet Union ⓘ |
| designFeature |
storable propellants
ⓘ
three-stage core with optional upper stage ⓘ |
| developedBy |
OKB-52
ⓘ
Vladimir Chelomey ⓘ |
| familyMember |
Proton-K
ⓘ
linked to:
Proton rocket
Proton-M ⓘ
linked to:
Proton rocket
Proton-M Enhanced ⓘ
linked to:
Proton rocket
|
| firstFlight | 1965-07-16 ⓘ |
| firstFlightVehicle |
Proton-K
ⓘ
linked to:
Proton rocket
|
| fuel | unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine ⓘ |
| launchCapability | heavy-lift ⓘ |
| launchConfiguration |
Proton-M/Briz-M
ⓘ
linked to:
Proton rocket
|
| launchPad |
Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200
ⓘ
linked to:
Baikonur Cosmodrome
Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81 ⓘ
linked to:
Baikonur Cosmodrome
|
| launchServiceProvider | International Launch Services ⓘ |
| launchSite | Baikonur Cosmodrome ⓘ |
| manufacturer | Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center ⓘ |
| notableCharacteristic | one of the most frequently used heavy-lift launchers in history ⓘ |
| notablePayload |
ExoMars 2016 mission
ⓘ
linked to:
ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter
Express communications satellites ⓘ GLONASS navigation satellites ⓘ
linked to:
GLONASS
Inmarsat communications satellites ⓘ
linked to:
Inmarsat
Mir space station modules ⓘ
linked to:
Mir space station
Salyut space station modules ⓘ
linked to:
Salyut space stations
Spektr-R space observatory ⓘ Zarya module of the International Space Station ⓘ
linked to:
ISS module Zarya
Zvezda service module of the International Space Station ⓘ
linked to:
Zvezda service module
|
| operatedBy |
Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center
ⓘ
Roscosmos ⓘ |
| orbitTypes |
geostationary transfer orbit
ⓘ
highly elliptical orbit ⓘ low Earth orbit ⓘ |
| originatedAs | ICBM design proposal UR-500 ⓘ |
| oxidizer | dinitrogen tetroxide ⓘ |
| propellantType | hypergolic ⓘ |
| stages | 3 ⓘ |
| status | operational ⓘ |
| successorPlanned |
Angara family of launch vehicles
ⓘ
linked to:
Angara rocket family
|
| typicalUpperStage |
Blok DM
ⓘ
Briz-M ⓘ |
| usedFor |
geostationary transfer orbit launches
ⓘ
interplanetary missions ⓘ launching space station modules ⓘ placing large satellites into orbit ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Proton Description of subject: Proton is a family of heavy-lift Russian expendable launch vehicles widely used to place large satellites and payloads into orbit.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Proton