Duke Xiao of Qin
E714911
Duke Xiao of Qin was a 4th-century BCE ruler of the Qin state who initiated major political and military reforms that laid the groundwork for Qin’s rise to power and eventual unification of China.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Duke Xiao of Qin canonical | 6 |
| Duke Xian of Qin | 1 |
| Duke of Qin | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7984361 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duke Xiao of Qin Context triple: [Lord Shang, servedUnder, Duke Xiao of Qin]
-
A.
King Zhaoxiang of Qin
King Zhaoxiang of Qin was a powerful Warring States-era monarch whose long reign significantly expanded Qin’s territory and laid crucial groundwork for the eventual unification of China.
-
B.
Qin Bangxian
Qin Bangxian, better known by his alias Bo Gu, was a prominent early leader and theoretician of the Chinese Communist Party who played a key role in its revolutionary activities during the 1930s.
-
C.
King Huiwen of Zhao
King Huiwen of Zhao was a prominent Warring States-era monarch known for strengthening the Zhao state through military reforms and territorial expansion in ancient China.
-
D.
Duke Bo Qin
Duke Bo Qin was an early Zhou dynasty noble regarded as the founding patriarch of the ruling house of the State of Lu in ancient China.
-
E.
King Zhuang of Chu
King Zhuang of Chu was a prominent Spring and Autumn period monarch renowned for transforming Chu into one of the most powerful states in ancient China.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duke Xiao of Qin Target entity description: Duke Xiao of Qin was a 4th-century BCE ruler of the Qin state who initiated major political and military reforms that laid the groundwork for Qin’s rise to power and eventual unification of China.
-
A.
King Zhaoxiang of Qin
King Zhaoxiang of Qin was a powerful Warring States-era monarch whose long reign significantly expanded Qin’s territory and laid crucial groundwork for the eventual unification of China.
-
B.
Qin Bangxian
Qin Bangxian, better known by his alias Bo Gu, was a prominent early leader and theoretician of the Chinese Communist Party who played a key role in its revolutionary activities during the 1930s.
-
C.
King Huiwen of Zhao
King Huiwen of Zhao was a prominent Warring States-era monarch known for strengthening the Zhao state through military reforms and territorial expansion in ancient China.
-
D.
Duke Bo Qin
Duke Bo Qin was an early Zhou dynasty noble regarded as the founding patriarch of the ruling house of the State of Lu in ancient China.
-
E.
King Zhuang of Chu
King Zhuang of Chu was a prominent Spring and Autumn period monarch renowned for transforming Chu into one of the most powerful states in ancient China.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Qin ruler
ⓘ
historical figure ⓘ ruler ⓘ |
| aimedTo |
make Qin a dominant power among the Warring States
ⓘ
revive the strength of Qin ⓘ |
| associatedWithEvent | implementation of Shang Yang’s reforms ⓘ |
| centralizedPower | yes ⓘ |
| century | 4th century BCE ⓘ |
| country |
Qin
ⓘ
linked to:
state of Qin
|
| deathPlace |
Qin
ⓘ
linked to:
state of Qin
|
| dynasty | House of Ying ⓘ |
| encouragedMeritocracy | yes ⓘ |
| era | Warring States period ⓘ |
| familyName | Ying ⓘ |
| father |
Duke Xian of Qin
ⓘ
linked to:
Duke Xiao of Qin
|
| gender | male ⓘ |
| givenName | Quliang ⓘ |
| governmentType | hereditary monarchy ⓘ |
| historicalImpact |
foundation for Qin dynasty unification of China
ⓘ
paved the way for Qin’s later conquests ⓘ |
| implementedReformsWith | Shang Yang ⓘ |
| knownFor |
initiating Shang Yang’s reforms
ⓘ
laying groundwork for Qin unification of China ⓘ major military reforms ⓘ major political reforms ⓘ strengthening the Qin state ⓘ |
| language | Old Chinese ⓘ |
| militaryPolicy | reward for military merit ⓘ |
| notableAdvisor | Shang Yang ⓘ |
| periodOfRule | Warring States period ⓘ |
| personalName | Ying Quliang ⓘ |
| policyType | Legalist reforms ⓘ |
| posthumousName | Xiao ⓘ |
| predecessor | Duke Xian of Qin ⓘ |
| promotedIdeology | Legalism ⓘ |
| reformArea |
administration
ⓘ
land system ⓘ law code ⓘ military organization ⓘ taxation ⓘ |
| region | Ancient China ⓘ |
| reignEnd | 0338 BCE ⓘ |
| reignStart | 0361 BCE ⓘ |
| stateRuled |
Qin
ⓘ
linked to:
state of Qin
|
| successor | King Huiwen of Qin ⓘ |
| title |
Duke of Qin
ⓘ
linked to:
Duke Xiao of Qin
|
| weakenedNobility | yes ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Duke Xiao of Qin Description of subject: Duke Xiao of Qin was a 4th-century BCE ruler of the Qin state who initiated major political and military reforms that laid the groundwork for Qin’s rise to power and eventual unification of China.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.