Treaty of Berwick (1560)
E714387
The Treaty of Berwick (1560) was an agreement by which Protestant Scottish nobles invited English military support to expel French forces from Scotland, paving the way for the Reformation and the end of French dominance in Scottish affairs.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Treaty of Berwick (1560) canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8083633 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Berwick (1560) Context triple: [Lords of the Congregation, relatedTreaty, Treaty of Berwick (1560)]
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A.
Treaty of Berwick (1586)
The Treaty of Berwick (1586) was an alliance between England and Scotland in which Elizabeth I and James VI agreed to mutual defense and cooperation against Catholic powers, notably Spain.
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B.
Treaty of Berwick (1639)
The Treaty of Berwick (1639) was the agreement that ended the First Bishops' War between Charles I of England and the Scottish Covenanters, temporarily halting hostilities over church governance.
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C.
Treaty of Berwick (1482)
The Treaty of Berwick (1482) was an agreement between England and Scotland that temporarily resolved hostilities during the reign of Edward IV and James III amid wider Anglo-Scottish border conflicts.
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D.
Treaty of Berwick (1357)
The Treaty of Berwick (1357) was the agreement that secured the release of King David II of Scotland from English captivity and temporarily ended hostilities between Scotland and England during the Second War of Scottish Independence.
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E.
Treaty of Solway Moss (1542)
The Treaty of Solway Moss (1542) was a post-battle agreement imposed on Scotland by England after the Scottish defeat at Solway Moss, shaping subsequent Anglo-Scottish relations in the mid-16th century.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Berwick (1560) Target entity description: The Treaty of Berwick (1560) was an agreement by which Protestant Scottish nobles invited English military support to expel French forces from Scotland, paving the way for the Reformation and the end of French dominance in Scottish affairs.
-
A.
Treaty of Berwick (1586)
The Treaty of Berwick (1586) was an alliance between England and Scotland in which Elizabeth I and James VI agreed to mutual defense and cooperation against Catholic powers, notably Spain.
-
B.
Treaty of Berwick (1639)
The Treaty of Berwick (1639) was the agreement that ended the First Bishops' War between Charles I of England and the Scottish Covenanters, temporarily halting hostilities over church governance.
-
C.
Treaty of Berwick (1482)
The Treaty of Berwick (1482) was an agreement between England and Scotland that temporarily resolved hostilities during the reign of Edward IV and James III amid wider Anglo-Scottish border conflicts.
-
D.
Treaty of Berwick (1357)
The Treaty of Berwick (1357) was the agreement that secured the release of King David II of Scotland from English captivity and temporarily ended hostilities between Scotland and England during the Second War of Scottish Independence.
-
E.
Treaty of Solway Moss (1542)
The Treaty of Solway Moss (1542) was a post-battle agreement imposed on Scotland by England after the Scottish defeat at Solway Moss, shaping subsequent Anglo-Scottish relations in the mid-16th century.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
international agreement
ⓘ
treaty ⓘ |
| aimedAt |
removing French garrisons from Scottish strongholds
ⓘ
securing Scotland from French control ⓘ |
| appliesToTerritory |
Kingdom of Scotland
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
border region around Berwick-upon-Tweed ⓘ |
| conflictContext |
Anglo-French rivalry in the 16th century
ⓘ
Scottish Reformation crisis NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| countryInvolved |
Kingdom of England
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Kingdom of Scotland NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| dateSigned | 1560-02-27 ⓘ |
| followedBy | Treaty of Edinburgh (1560) NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| grantsRight |
right of English forces to assist Scottish Protestants
ⓘ
right of English forces to enter Scotland ⓘ |
| hasEffect |
contributing to the end of the Auld Alliance
ⓘ
facilitating the withdrawal of French troops from Leith ⓘ leading to the Treaty of Edinburgh (1560) ⓘ paving the way for the Scottish Reformation ⓘ strengthening the position of Protestant nobles in Scotland ⓘ weakening French influence in Scotland ⓘ |
| hasPurpose |
to authorize English military intervention in Scotland
ⓘ
to expel French forces from Scotland ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod |
16th century
ⓘ
Reformation era NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| influenced |
establishment of Protestantism as the dominant religion in Scotland
ⓘ
subsequent Anglo-Scottish relations ⓘ |
| languageOfWork |
English
ⓘ
French ⓘ Latin ⓘ |
| legalStatus | military alliance ⓘ |
| opponent |
French forces in Scotland
ⓘ
regime of Mary of Guise in Scotland ⓘ |
| participant |
Elizabeth I of England
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran NERFINISHED ⓘ Scottish Lords of the Congregation NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| placeSigned | Berwick-upon-Tweed NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| politicalAlignment | Protestant ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Auld Alliance
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Lords of the Congregation NERFINISHED ⓘ Mary of Guise NERFINISHED ⓘ Mary, Queen of Scots NERFINISHED ⓘ Scottish Reformation NERFINISHED ⓘ Treaty of Edinburgh (1560) NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| signatory |
Protestant Lords of the Congregation
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
representatives of Elizabeth I of England ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Treaty of Berwick (1560) Description of subject: The Treaty of Berwick (1560) was an agreement by which Protestant Scottish nobles invited English military support to expel French forces from Scotland, paving the way for the Reformation and the end of French dominance in Scottish affairs.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.