Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico)
E615530
The Grolier Codex, also known as the Maya Codex of Mexico, is one of the few surviving pre-Hispanic Maya screenfold books, notable for its astronomical content and status as one of the oldest known books from the Americas.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Maya Codex of Mexico | 2 |
| Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T6561075 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico) Context triple: [Maya script, UNESCOMemoryOfTheWorld, Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico)]
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A.
Paris Codex
The Paris Codex is one of the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, containing hieroglyphic texts and astronomical information that offer crucial insight into ancient Maya civilization.
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B.
Maya codices
The Maya codices are a small surviving collection of pre-Columbian bark-paper books that record the ancient Maya’s astronomical, calendrical, and ritual knowledge.
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C.
Madrid Codex
The Madrid Codex is one of the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, notable for its hieroglyphic script and detailed ritual, calendrical, and astronomical content.
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D.
Codex Mendoza
The Codex Mendoza is a 16th-century Aztec manuscript created shortly after the Spanish conquest that documents Mexica history, tribute, and daily life for colonial authorities.
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E.
Codex Chimalpahin
Codex Chimalpahin is a colonial-era Nahuatl manuscript compiled by the historian Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin that records pre-Hispanic and early colonial central Mexican history and annals.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico) Target entity description: The Grolier Codex, also known as the Maya Codex of Mexico, is one of the few surviving pre-Hispanic Maya screenfold books, notable for its astronomical content and status as one of the oldest known books from the Americas.
-
A.
Paris Codex
The Paris Codex is one of the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, containing hieroglyphic texts and astronomical information that offer crucial insight into ancient Maya civilization.
-
B.
Maya codices
The Maya codices are a small surviving collection of pre-Columbian bark-paper books that record the ancient Maya’s astronomical, calendrical, and ritual knowledge.
-
C.
Madrid Codex
The Madrid Codex is one of the few surviving pre-Columbian Maya books, notable for its hieroglyphic script and detailed ritual, calendrical, and astronomical content.
-
D.
Codex Mendoza
The Codex Mendoza is a 16th-century Aztec manuscript created shortly after the Spanish conquest that documents Mexica history, tribute, and daily life for colonial authorities.
-
E.
Codex Chimalpahin
Codex Chimalpahin is a colonial-era Nahuatl manuscript compiled by the historian Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin that records pre-Hispanic and early colonial central Mexican history and annals.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (52)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Maya codex
ⓘ
astronomical manuscript ⓘ pre-Columbian manuscript ⓘ screenfold book ⓘ |
| acquiredBy | Josué Sáenz ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Maya Codex of Mexico
ⓘ
linked to:
Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico)
|
| authenticityDebate | subject of forgery controversy ⓘ |
| authenticityStatus | generally accepted as authentic ⓘ |
| contains | Venus table ⓘ |
| countryOfCurrentLocation | Mexico ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Mexico ⓘ |
| culture | Maya civilization ⓘ |
| currentLocation |
Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City
ⓘ
linked to:
National Museum of Anthropology
|
| dateOfCreation |
13th century
ⓘ
Late Postclassic period ⓘ
linked to:
Postclassic period of Mesoamerica
|
| discoveredIn | 1960s ⓘ |
| discoveryContext | looted cave ⓘ |
| earliestPossibleDate | c. 1220 ⓘ |
| features |
Maya deities
ⓘ
day signs ⓘ numerical coefficients ⓘ |
| firstPublicExhibition | Grolier Club, New York ⓘ |
| firstPublicExhibitionDate | 1971 ⓘ |
| format | accordion-fold ⓘ |
| function | ritual and divinatory guide linked to Venus cycles ⓘ |
| genre | astronomical almanac ⓘ |
| language | Classical Maya ⓘ |
| latestPossibleDate | c. 1240 ⓘ |
| mainSubject |
Maya astronomy
ⓘ
Venus ⓘ ritual cycles ⓘ |
| material |
amatl-type paper
ⓘ
bark paper ⓘ |
| medium | stucco-coated paper ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Grolier Club
ⓘ
linked to:
Grolier Club, New York
|
| numberOfPages | 10 ⓘ |
| oneOf | four surviving Maya codices ⓘ |
| pageOrientation | vertical ⓘ |
| placeOfDiscovery |
Chiapas
ⓘ
Mexico ⓘ |
| regionOfOrigin | Maya area ⓘ |
| relatedWork |
Dresden Codex
ⓘ
Madrid Codex ⓘ Paris Codex ⓘ |
| scientificAnalysis |
pigment analysis
ⓘ
radiocarbon dating of paper ⓘ |
| scientificAnalysisResult | paper dated to 13th century ⓘ |
| scriptDirection | left-to-right ⓘ |
| usesPigment |
Maya blue pigment
ⓘ
black pigment ⓘ red pigment ⓘ |
| writingSystem | Maya script ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico) Description of subject: The Grolier Codex, also known as the Maya Codex of Mexico, is one of the few surviving pre-Hispanic Maya screenfold books, notable for its astronomical content and status as one of the oldest known books from the Americas.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico)
subject linked to:
Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico)
linked to: Grolier Codex (Maya Codex of Mexico)