Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
E554125
Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, commonly known as the Solvency II Directive, is the EU’s comprehensive regulatory framework governing the capital adequacy, risk management, and supervisory oversight of insurance and reinsurance companies.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council canonical | 2 |
| Directive 2009/138/EC | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5894094 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council Context triple: [Solvency II Directive, fullName, Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council]
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A.
Directive 2009/147/EC
Directive 2009/147/EC is a key European Union law on the conservation of wild birds, forming one of the main legal pillars of the Natura 2000 protected areas network.
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B.
Council Directive 2001/86/EC
Council Directive 2001/86/EC is a European Union legal act that supplements the Statute for a European Company (Societas Europaea) by establishing rules on employee involvement in such companies.
-
C.
Regulation (EC) No 294/2008
Regulation (EC) No 294/2008 is the EU legislative act that established the European Institute of Innovation and Technology and set out its mission, structure, and operating framework.
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D.
Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010
Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 is the EU legislative act that established the European Banking Authority and set out its mandate, powers, and governance framework for overseeing the banking sector.
-
E.
Regulation (EU) No 1092/2010
Regulation (EU) No 1092/2010 is the EU law that established the framework for macro-prudential oversight of the financial system and created the European Systemic Risk Board to monitor and mitigate systemic risks.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council Target entity description: Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, commonly known as the Solvency II Directive, is the EU’s comprehensive regulatory framework governing the capital adequacy, risk management, and supervisory oversight of insurance and reinsurance companies.
-
A.
Directive 2009/147/EC
Directive 2009/147/EC is a key European Union law on the conservation of wild birds, forming one of the main legal pillars of the Natura 2000 protected areas network.
-
B.
Directive 2001/83/EC
Directive 2001/83/EC is a key European Union law that sets the framework for the authorization, manufacture, distribution, and pharmacovigilance of medicinal products for human use across EU member states.
-
C.
Council Directive 2001/86/EC
Council Directive 2001/86/EC is a European Union legal act that supplements the Statute for a European Company (Societas Europaea) by establishing rules on employee involvement in such companies.
-
D.
Regulation (EC) No 294/2008
Regulation (EC) No 294/2008 is the EU legislative act that established the European Institute of Innovation and Technology and set out its mission, structure, and operating framework.
-
E.
Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010
Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 is the EU legislative act that established the European Banking Authority and set out its mandate, powers, and governance framework for overseeing the banking sector.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
European Union directive
ⓘ
Solvency II Directive ⓘ |
| adoptedBy |
Council of the European Union
ⓘ
European Parliament ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
enhance policyholder protection
ⓘ
harmonise insurance regulation in the EU ⓘ promote financial stability ⓘ |
| amendedBy |
Directive 2011/89/EU
ⓘ
Directive 2013/58/EU ⓘ Directive 2014/51/EU ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
EU Member States
ⓘ
linked to:
Member States of the European Union
|
| celexNumber | 32009L0138 ⓘ |
| dateAdopted | 2009-11-25 ⓘ |
| datePublishedInOfficialJournal | 2009-12-17 ⓘ |
| establishes |
Minimum Capital Requirement
ⓘ
Solvency Capital Requirement ⓘ three-pillar supervisory framework ⓘ |
| EULawArea |
financial services
ⓘ
insurance regulation ⓘ prudential supervision ⓘ |
| implementedThrough | national legislation of EU Member States ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | European Union ⓘ |
| legalBasis | Article 47(2) of the EC Treaty ⓘ |
| officialName | Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ⓘ |
| partOf | EU single market legislation for financial services ⓘ |
| pillar1Covers | quantitative requirements ⓘ |
| pillar2Covers | governance and risk management ⓘ |
| pillar3Covers | reporting and disclosure ⓘ |
| regulates |
insurance undertakings
ⓘ
reinsurance undertakings ⓘ |
| regulatoryFocus |
capital adequacy
ⓘ
disclosure and transparency ⓘ risk management ⓘ supervisory review ⓘ |
| relatedTo | European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority ⓘ |
| repeals |
First Life Insurance Directive
ⓘ
First Non-Life Insurance Directive ⓘ Reinsurance Directive ⓘ
linked to:
Solvency II Directive
Second Life Insurance Directive ⓘ Second Non-Life Insurance Directive ⓘ Third Life Insurance Directive ⓘ Third Non-Life Insurance Directive ⓘ |
| requires |
effective system of governance
ⓘ
own risk and solvency assessment ⓘ public disclosure of solvency and financial condition report ⓘ risk-based capital requirements ⓘ |
| shortName | Solvency II Directive ⓘ |
| subjectMatter | taking-up and pursuit of the business of Insurance and Reinsurance ⓘ |
| supervisoryAuthorityRole | group supervision of insurance groups ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council Description of subject: Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, commonly known as the Solvency II Directive, is the EU’s comprehensive regulatory framework governing the capital adequacy, risk management, and supervisory oversight of insurance and reinsurance companies.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Solvency II Directive
→
fullName
→
Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
ⓘ
Directive 2009/138/EC
→
officialName
→
Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
ⓘ
subject linked to:
Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
linked to: Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council