Barbara McClintock
E540
Barbara McClintock was an American cytogeneticist and Nobel laureate renowned for discovering "jumping genes" (transposable elements) in maize, fundamentally transforming genetics.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Barbara McClintock canonical | 4 |
| Discovery of controlling elements in maize | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T645 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Barbara McClintock Context triple: [National Medal of Science, hasRecipient, Barbara McClintock]
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A.
Harold Varmus
Harold Varmus is a Nobel Prize–winning American cancer researcher and former director of the National Institutes of Health and the National Cancer Institute.
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B.
Norman Borlaug
Norman Borlaug was an American agronomist and humanitarian known as the “father of the Green Revolution” for developing high-yield, disease-resistant crops that helped dramatically reduce global hunger.
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C.
Sally Kornbluth
Sally Kornbluth is an American cell biologist and academic leader who became the 18th president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
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D.
J. Robert Oppenheimer
J. Robert Oppenheimer was an American theoretical physicist best known as the scientific director of the Manhattan Project, which developed the first nuclear weapons during World War II.
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E.
Detlev W. Bronk
Detlev W. Bronk was an influential American scientist and educator known as a pioneer of biophysics and a prominent leader in national science policy.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Barbara McClintock Target entity description: Barbara McClintock was an American cytogeneticist and Nobel laureate renowned for discovering "jumping genes" (transposable elements) in maize, fundamentally transforming genetics.
-
A.
Harold Varmus
Harold Varmus is a Nobel Prize–winning American cancer researcher and former director of the National Institutes of Health and the National Cancer Institute.
-
B.
Norman Borlaug
Norman Borlaug was an American agronomist and humanitarian known as the “father of the Green Revolution” for developing high-yield, disease-resistant crops that helped dramatically reduce global hunger.
-
C.
Sally Kornbluth
Sally Kornbluth is an American cell biologist and academic leader who became the 18th president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
-
D.
J. Robert Oppenheimer
J. Robert Oppenheimer was an American theoretical physicist best known as the scientific director of the Manhattan Project, which developed the first nuclear weapons during World War II.
-
E.
Detlev W. Bronk
Detlev W. Bronk was an influential American scientist and educator known as a pioneer of biophysics and a prominent leader in national science policy.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Nobel laureate
ⓘ
cytogeneticist ⓘ geneticist ⓘ human ⓘ |
| academicDegree | PhD in botany ⓘ |
| awardReceived |
Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
ⓘ
Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize ⓘ MacArthur Fellows ⓘ
surface form:
MacArthur Fellowship
National Medal of Science ⓘ Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | United States of America ⓘ |
| dateOfBirth | 1902-06-16 ⓘ |
| dateOfDeath | 1992-09-02 ⓘ |
| educatedAt | Cornell University ⓘ |
| employer |
Carnegie Institution of Washington
ⓘ
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory ⓘ Cornell University ⓘ |
| familyName | McClintock ⓘ |
| fieldOfWork |
cytogenetics
ⓘ
genetics ⓘ plant genetics ⓘ |
| fullName | Barbara McClintock self-link ⓘ |
| givenName | Barbara ⓘ |
| hasResearchFocus |
chromosome breakage and fusion
ⓘ
gene regulation in plants ⓘ |
| influenced |
modern molecular genetics
ⓘ
understanding of genome plasticity ⓘ |
| knownFor |
concept of jumping genes
ⓘ
discovery of transposable elements ⓘ research on maize genetics ⓘ |
| languageOfWorkOrName | English ⓘ |
| memberOf |
National Academy of Sciences
ⓘ
surface form:
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|
| NobelPrizeCategory |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
ⓘ
surface form:
Physiology or Medicine
|
| NobelPrizeYear | 1983 ⓘ |
| notableAchievement | first woman to receive an unshared Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ⓘ |
| notableWork |
Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
ⓘ
surface form:
Demonstration of genetic recombination by cytological methods in maize
Barbara McClintock self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Discovery of controlling elements in maize
|
| occupation |
cytogeneticist
ⓘ
geneticist ⓘ scientist ⓘ |
| placeOfBirth | Hartford, Connecticut, United States ⓘ |
| placeOfDeath | Huntington, New York, United States ⓘ |
| residence |
Huntington, New York, United States
ⓘ
surface form:
Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States
|
| sexOrGender | female ⓘ |
| studied |
chromosomes
ⓘ
maize ⓘ transposable elements ⓘ |
| workLocation | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Barbara McClintock Description of subject: Barbara McClintock was an American cytogeneticist and Nobel laureate renowned for discovering "jumping genes" (transposable elements) in maize, fundamentally transforming genetics.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.