Peñíscola Castle
E523549
Peñíscola Castle is a medieval fortress in Peñíscola, Spain, best known as the stronghold and papal seat of the Avignon-antipope Benedict XIII (Pedro de Luna) during the Western Schism.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Peñíscola Castle canonical | 6 |
| Castillo de Peñíscola | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5466218 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Peñíscola Castle Context triple: [Pope Benedict XIII, residence, Peñíscola Castle]
-
A.
Gibralfaro Castle
Gibralfaro Castle is a historic Moorish fortress overlooking the city and port of Málaga in southern Spain.
-
B.
Aljezur Castle
Aljezur Castle is a medieval Moorish fortification in the Algarve region of southern Portugal, known for its hilltop ruins overlooking the town of Aljezur and the surrounding valley.
-
C.
San Pedro de la Roca Castle
San Pedro de la Roca Castle is a 17th-century Spanish coastal fortress near Santiago de Cuba, renowned for its well-preserved military architecture and strategic position overlooking the Caribbean Sea.
-
D.
Castro Marim Castle
Castro Marim Castle is a historic medieval fortress in Portugal’s Algarve region, notable for its strategic hilltop position near the Guadiana River and the Spanish border.
-
E.
Loulé Castle
Loulé Castle is a medieval fortress in the town of Loulé in Portugal’s Algarve region, known for its preserved walls, towers, and archaeological museum.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Peñíscola Castle Target entity description: Peñíscola Castle is a medieval fortress in Peñíscola, Spain, best known as the stronghold and papal seat of the Avignon-antipope Benedict XIII (Pedro de Luna) during the Western Schism.
-
A.
Gibralfaro Castle
Gibralfaro Castle is a historic Moorish fortress overlooking the city and port of Málaga in southern Spain.
-
B.
Aljezur Castle
Aljezur Castle is a medieval Moorish fortification in the Algarve region of southern Portugal, known for its hilltop ruins overlooking the town of Aljezur and the surrounding valley.
-
C.
San Pedro de la Roca Castle
San Pedro de la Roca Castle is a 17th-century Spanish coastal fortress near Santiago de Cuba, renowned for its well-preserved military architecture and strategic position overlooking the Caribbean Sea.
-
D.
Castro Marim Castle
Castro Marim Castle is a historic medieval fortress in Portugal’s Algarve region, notable for its strategic hilltop position near the Guadiana River and the Spanish border.
-
E.
Loulé Castle
Loulé Castle is a medieval fortress in the town of Loulé in Portugal’s Algarve region, known for its preserved walls, towers, and archaeological museum.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
fortress
ⓘ
medieval castle ⓘ tourist attraction ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Castillo de Peñíscola
ⓘ
linked to:
Peñíscola Castle
Castillo del Papa Luna ⓘ |
| architecturalStyle | Templar military architecture ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Benedict XIII
ⓘ
linked to:
Benedict XIII (antipope)
Pedro de Luna ⓘ |
| builder | Knights Templar ⓘ |
| builtOver |
Iberian-Roman settlement remains
ⓘ
former Arab fortress ⓘ |
| constructionEnd | 1307 ⓘ |
| constructionStart | 1294 ⓘ |
| controlledBy |
Crown of Aragon
ⓘ
Kingdom of Valencia ⓘ Spanish monarchy ⓘ |
| country | Spain ⓘ |
| elevation | about 64 metres above sea level ⓘ |
| featuredIn | Game of Thrones (Meereen/fictional city scenes) ⓘ |
| hasFeature |
battlements
ⓘ
cisterns ⓘ keep ⓘ parade ground ⓘ sea-facing cliffs ⓘ walled enclosure ⓘ |
| hasMuseum |
exhibition on Benedict XIII
ⓘ
exhibition on Templar history ⓘ |
| heritageDesignationBy | Spain ⓘ |
| heritageStatus | Bien de Interés Cultural ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Peñíscola
ⓘ
Province of Castellón ⓘ Valencian Community ⓘ |
| locatedOn |
Mediterranean coast
ⓘ
linked to:
Mediterranean coast of Spain
rocky headland ⓘ |
| materialUsed | ashlar masonry ⓘ |
| nearby |
old town of Peñíscola
ⓘ
linked to:
Peñíscola
|
| openToPublic | true ⓘ |
| papalResidenceOf |
Benedict XIII
ⓘ
linked to:
Benedict XIII (antipope)
Clement VIII (Avignon line) ⓘ
linked to:
Clement VIII (Avignon antipope)
|
| periodOfPapalSeat | early 15th century ⓘ |
| servedAs |
papal seat of Benedict XIII
ⓘ
stronghold of antipope Benedict XIII ⓘ |
| significantEvent | Western Schism ⓘ |
| tourismImportance | major landmark of Costa del Azahar ⓘ |
| usedAs |
film location
ⓘ
fortified palace ⓘ military fortress ⓘ papal residence ⓘ tourist site ⓘ |
| usedInConflict |
Peninsular War
ⓘ
War of the Spanish Succession ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Peñíscola Castle Description of subject: Peñíscola Castle is a medieval fortress in Peñíscola, Spain, best known as the stronghold and papal seat of the Avignon-antipope Benedict XIII (Pedro de Luna) during the Western Schism.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.