White Terror of 1794–1795
E522916
counter-revolutionary movement
historical event
period of political violence
political repression campaign
The White Terror of 1794–1795 was a wave of counter-revolutionary violence in post-Thermidorian France, marked by royalist and anti-Jacobin reprisals against former supporters of the Reign of Terror.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| First White Terror (1794–1795) | 1 |
| White Terror of 1794–1795 canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5450237 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: White Terror of 1794–1795 Context triple: [White Terror against former Jacobins, alsoKnownAs, White Terror of 1794–1795]
-
A.
Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror was a particularly violent and radical phase of the French Revolution marked by mass executions, political purges, and authoritarian rule under the Committee of Public Safety.
-
B.
Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793
The Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793 was a pivotal popular uprising in Paris during the French Revolution that led to the purge of the Girondin deputies from the National Convention and the rise of the radical Montagnards.
-
C.
Vendée uprising
The Vendée uprising was a royalist and Catholic counter-revolutionary revolt in western France during the French Revolution, marked by fierce guerrilla warfare and brutal repression.
-
D.
September Massacres
The September Massacres were a wave of brutal killings of prisoners in Paris in early September 1792, reflecting the radicalization and violent popular justice that marked a turning point in the French Revolution.
-
E.
White Terror (1815)
The White Terror of 1815 was a wave of royalist reprisals in France marked by persecution, violence, and executions against Bonapartists and former revolutionaries following Napoleon’s final defeat and the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: White Terror of 1794–1795 Target entity description: The White Terror of 1794–1795 was a wave of counter-revolutionary violence in post-Thermidorian France, marked by royalist and anti-Jacobin reprisals against former supporters of the Reign of Terror.
-
A.
Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror was a particularly violent and radical phase of the French Revolution marked by mass executions, political purges, and authoritarian rule under the Committee of Public Safety.
-
B.
Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793
The Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793 was a pivotal popular uprising in Paris during the French Revolution that led to the purge of the Girondin deputies from the National Convention and the rise of the radical Montagnards.
-
C.
Vendée uprising
The Vendée uprising was a royalist and Catholic counter-revolutionary revolt in western France during the French Revolution, marked by fierce guerrilla warfare and brutal repression.
-
D.
September Massacres
The September Massacres were a wave of brutal killings of prisoners in Paris in early September 1792, reflecting the radicalization and violent popular justice that marked a turning point in the French Revolution.
-
E.
White Terror (1815)
The White Terror of 1815 was a wave of royalist reprisals in France marked by persecution, violence, and executions against Bonapartists and former revolutionaries following Napoleon’s final defeat and the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
counter-revolutionary movement
ⓘ
historical event ⓘ period of political violence ⓘ political repression campaign ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | White Terror in France (1794–1795) NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| chronologicalContext | post-Thermidorian France ⓘ |
| colorSymbolism | white as symbol of Bourbon monarchy ⓘ |
| country | France ⓘ |
| follows |
Reign of Terror
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Thermidorian Reaction NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasCause |
Thermidorian Reaction
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
anti-Jacobin sentiment ⓘ collapse of the Jacobin dictatorship ⓘ desire for revenge by victims of the Terror ⓘ fall of Maximilien Robespierre ⓘ resentment against the Reign of Terror ⓘ royalist reaction ⓘ |
| hasEffect |
consolidation of the Directory
ⓘ
disbanding of many Jacobin clubs ⓘ further polarization of French politics ⓘ rise of royalist confidence ⓘ strengthening of Thermidorian regime ⓘ weakening of Jacobin influence ⓘ |
| hasEndTime | 1795 ⓘ |
| hasPart |
attacks on former revolutionary tribunals
ⓘ
judicial persecutions of Jacobins ⓘ lynchings of former terrorists ⓘ mob violence ⓘ summary executions ⓘ violence in Avignon region ⓘ violence in Lyon region ⓘ violence in Marseille region ⓘ violence in the Rhône valley ⓘ violence in the southeast of France ⓘ |
| hasParticipant |
Thermidorians
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
anti-Jacobins NERFINISHED ⓘ counter-revolutionaries ⓘ former Jacobins ⓘ former federalists ⓘ revolutionary militants ⓘ royalists ⓘ sans-culottes NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasStartTime | 1794 ⓘ |
| locatedInTimePeriod | French Revolution NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| mainTarget |
former Jacobins
ⓘ
local Jacobin clubs ⓘ members of revolutionary committees ⓘ sans-culotte leaders ⓘ supporters of the Reign of Terror ⓘ |
| opposes |
Jacobinism
ⓘ
radical republicanism ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: White Terror of 1794–1795 Description of subject: The White Terror of 1794–1795 was a wave of counter-revolutionary violence in post-Thermidorian France, marked by royalist and anti-Jacobin reprisals against former supporters of the Reign of Terror.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
First White Terror (1794–1795)