Gratian’s Decretum
E519118
Gratian’s Decretum is a 12th-century canon law collection that systematized and harmonized Church legal texts, becoming the foundational textbook for medieval ecclesiastical law.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Decretum Gratiani | 2 |
| Gratian’s Decretum canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5412764 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gratian’s Decretum Context triple: [Donation of Constantine, usedIn, Gratian’s Decretum]
-
A.
Pseudo-Isidorean Decretals
The Pseudo-Isidorean Decretals are a ninth-century collection of forged papal letters and church documents created to bolster ecclesiastical authority and papal primacy in disputes with secular rulers.
-
B.
Dictatus Papae
Dictatus Papae is a 1075 papal decree attributed to Pope Gregory VII that asserted sweeping papal authority over the Church and secular rulers, becoming a key text of the Investiture Controversy.
-
C.
Pio-Benedictine Code
The Pio-Benedictine Code is the first comprehensive codification of Latin Catholic canon law, promulgated in 1917 under Popes Pius X and Benedict XV.
-
D.
Rule of Saint Augustine
The Rule of Saint Augustine is an early Christian monastic rule, attributed to Augustine of Hippo, that outlines a communal life of poverty, chastity, obedience, and shared charity for religious communities.
-
E.
Edictum Rothari
The Edictum Rothari is a 7th-century Lombard law code issued by King Rothari that represents one of the earliest written compilations of Germanic customary law in medieval Italy.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gratian’s Decretum Target entity description: Gratian’s Decretum is a 12th-century canon law collection that systematized and harmonized Church legal texts, becoming the foundational textbook for medieval ecclesiastical law.
-
A.
Pseudo-Isidorean Decretals
The Pseudo-Isidorean Decretals are a ninth-century collection of forged papal letters and church documents created to bolster ecclesiastical authority and papal primacy in disputes with secular rulers.
-
B.
Dictatus Papae
Dictatus Papae is a 1075 papal decree attributed to Pope Gregory VII that asserted sweeping papal authority over the Church and secular rulers, becoming a key text of the Investiture Controversy.
-
C.
Pio-Benedictine Code
The Pio-Benedictine Code is the first comprehensive codification of Latin Catholic canon law, promulgated in 1917 under Popes Pius X and Benedict XV.
-
D.
Rule of Saint Augustine
The Rule of Saint Augustine is an early Christian monastic rule, attributed to Augustine of Hippo, that outlines a communal life of poverty, chastity, obedience, and shared charity for religious communities.
-
E.
Edictum Rothari
The Edictum Rothari is a 7th-century Lombard law code issued by King Rothari that represents one of the earliest written compilations of Germanic customary law in medieval Italy.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
canon law collection
ⓘ
legal textbook ⓘ medieval legal text ⓘ |
| alternativeName |
Concordia discordantium canonum
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Decretum Gratiani NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| appliesTo | Latin Church NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| approximateDate | c. 1140 ⓘ |
| author | Gratian NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| contains |
Gratian’s dicta
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Roman law excerpts ⓘ canons from Church councils ⓘ papal decretals ⓘ writings of Church Fathers ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Italy ⓘ |
| dateOfComposition | 12th century ⓘ |
| field |
canon law
ⓘ
ecclesiastical law ⓘ |
| genre | scholastic summa ⓘ |
| hasCommentaryTradition |
Summae by medieval jurists
ⓘ
glosses by canonists ⓘ |
| influenced |
Corpus iuris canonici
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Decretals of Gregory IX NERFINISHED ⓘ development of Western legal tradition ⓘ ecclesiastical jurisprudence ⓘ medieval canon law ⓘ |
| language | Latin ⓘ |
| legalSystem | Catholic Church NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| mainSubject |
Church law
ⓘ
canon law sources ⓘ harmonization of legal texts ⓘ |
| method |
harmonization of contradictions
ⓘ
scholastic dialectic ⓘ systematization of sources ⓘ |
| partOf | Corpus iuris canonici NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| periodOfUse |
12th century
ⓘ
13th century ⓘ late Middle Ages ⓘ |
| placeOfOrigin | Bologna NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| recognizedBy | canonists of the ius commune ⓘ |
| status |
foundational textbook for medieval canon law
ⓘ
standard teaching text in law faculties ⓘ |
| structure |
causae
ⓘ
de consecratione ⓘ distinctiones ⓘ |
| taughtAt |
University of Bologna
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
medieval universities in Western Europe ⓘ |
| use |
legal reference work
ⓘ
teaching canon law ⓘ textbook for medieval universities ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Gratian’s Decretum Description of subject: Gratian’s Decretum is a 12th-century canon law collection that systematized and harmonized Church legal texts, becoming the foundational textbook for medieval ecclesiastical law.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Decretum Gratiani
this entity surface form:
Decretum Gratiani