Osteoglossiformes
E50175
Osteoglossiformes is an order of primitive freshwater bony fishes that includes species like arowanas and elephantfishes, known for features such as toothed tongues and specialized sensory systems.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Osteoglossiformes canonical | 28 |
| Osteoglossomorpha | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T321229 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Osteoglossiformes Context triple: [Actinopterygii, includesOrder, Osteoglossiformes]
-
A.
Neopterygii
Neopterygii is a major clade of ray-finned fishes that includes most modern fish species, characterized by more advanced jaw mechanics and fin structures compared to more primitive actinopterygians.
-
B.
Siluriformes
Siluriformes is the diverse order of ray-finned fishes commonly known as catfishes, characterized by barbels resembling whiskers and often bottom-dwelling habits in freshwater and some marine environments.
-
C.
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes is a vast taxonomic group of bony fishes characterized by skeletons primarily composed of bone rather than cartilage, encompassing both ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes.
-
D.
Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii is the diverse class of ray-finned fishes that comprises the vast majority of modern fish species found in marine and freshwater environments.
-
E.
Salmoniformes
Salmoniformes is an order of ray-finned fishes that includes salmon, trout, and related species commonly found in cold freshwater and marine environments.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Osteoglossiformes Target entity description: Osteoglossiformes is an order of primitive freshwater bony fishes that includes species like arowanas and elephantfishes, known for features such as toothed tongues and specialized sensory systems.
-
A.
Neopterygii
Neopterygii is a major clade of ray-finned fishes that includes most modern fish species, characterized by more advanced jaw mechanics and fin structures compared to more primitive actinopterygians.
-
B.
Siluriformes
Siluriformes is the diverse order of ray-finned fishes commonly known as catfishes, characterized by barbels resembling whiskers and often bottom-dwelling habits in freshwater and some marine environments.
-
C.
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes is a vast taxonomic group of bony fishes characterized by skeletons primarily composed of bone rather than cartilage, encompassing both ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes.
-
D.
Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii is the diverse class of ray-finned fishes that comprises the vast majority of modern fish species found in marine and freshwater environments.
-
E.
Salmoniformes
Salmoniformes is an order of ray-finned fishes that includes salmon, trout, and related species commonly found in cold freshwater and marine environments.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
order of fishes
ⓘ
taxon ⓘ |
| class | Actinopterygii ⓘ |
| commonName | bonytongues ⓘ |
| conservationStatus | several species threatened ⓘ |
| distribution |
subtropical regions
ⓘ
tropical regions ⓘ |
| economicImportance |
aquarium trade
ⓘ
fisheries ⓘ |
| evolutionaryStatus | basal teleost lineage ⓘ |
| feedingType | mostly carnivorous ⓘ |
| fossilRecord | Cretaceous ⓘ |
| habitat | freshwater ⓘ |
| hasCharacteristic |
bony tongue
ⓘ
electroreception in some families ⓘ elongated body in many species ⓘ large scales in many species ⓘ primitive teleost morphology ⓘ specialized sensory systems ⓘ toothed tongue ⓘ |
| includesFamily |
Arapaimidae
ⓘ
Gymnarchidae ⓘ Hiodontidae ⓘ Mormyridae ⓘ Notopteridae ⓘ Osteoglossidae ⓘ Pantodontidae ⓘ |
| includesSpeciesGroup |
African bonytongues
ⓘ
South American bonytongues ⓘ arowanas ⓘ elephantfishes ⓘ knifefishes of family Notopteridae ⓘ |
| infraclass |
Teleostei
ⓘ
linked to:
Actinopterygii
|
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| locomotion | undulatory swimming in many species ⓘ |
| namedBy | Johann Jakob Kaup ⓘ |
| notableSpecies |
Arapaima gigas
ⓘ
Gnathonemus petersii ⓘ
linked to:
Mormyridae
Osteoglossum bicirrhosum ⓘ Scleropages formosus ⓘ |
| parentalCare | present in some species ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| reproduction | egg-laying ⓘ |
| sensoryAdaptation |
electric organ in Mormyridae
ⓘ
enlarged cerebellum in Mormyridae ⓘ |
| subclass | Neopterygii ⓘ |
| taxonRank | order ⓘ |
| timeOfOrigin | Mesozoic ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Osteoglossiformes Description of subject: Osteoglossiformes is an order of primitive freshwater bony fishes that includes species like arowanas and elephantfishes, known for features such as toothed tongues and specialized sensory systems.
Referenced by (29)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Osteoglossiformes
subject linked to:
Notopterus
subject linked to:
Gymnarchus
subject linked to:
silver arawana