U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond

E487841

Surgeon General of the United States Army human medical reformer medical researcher military physician neurologist physician

U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond was a 19th-century American military physician and medical reformer who modernized the U.S. Army Medical Department and advanced medical research and standards of care.

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All labels observed (2)

Label	Occurrences
U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond canonical	1
William A. Hammond	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5032530 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond
Context triple: [National Museum of Health and Medicine, foundedBy, U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond]

A. Major Walter Reed
Major Walter Reed was a U.S. Army physician renowned for leading the team that proved yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes, revolutionizing public health and tropical medicine.
B. Josiah Gorgas
Josiah Gorgas was a Confederate general and chief of ordnance during the American Civil War, instrumental in organizing and supplying the Confederate war effort.
C. Alvan C. Gillem
Alvan C. Gillem was a United States Army officer and Civil War veteran who later led federal troops in campaigns against Native American groups in the West.
D. Laurence K. Marshall
Laurence K. Marshall was an American engineer and entrepreneur best known as a co-founder and early leader of the defense and electronics company Raytheon.
E. George W. Crile
George W. Crile was an influential American surgeon and medical researcher known for pioneering surgical techniques and co-founding major medical institutions and organizations in the early 20th century.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond
Target entity description: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond was a 19th-century American military physician and medical reformer who modernized the U.S. Army Medical Department and advanced medical research and standards of care.

A. Major Walter Reed
Major Walter Reed was a U.S. Army physician renowned for leading the team that proved yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes, revolutionizing public health and tropical medicine.
B. Josiah Gorgas
Josiah Gorgas was a Confederate general and chief of ordnance during the American Civil War, instrumental in organizing and supplying the Confederate war effort.
C. Alvan C. Gillem
Alvan C. Gillem was a United States Army officer and Civil War veteran who later led federal troops in campaigns against Native American groups in the West.
D. Laurence K. Marshall
Laurence K. Marshall was an American engineer and entrepreneur best known as a co-founder and early leader of the defense and electronics company Raytheon.
E. George W. Crile
George W. Crile was an influential American surgeon and medical researcher known for pioneering surgical techniques and co-founding major medical institutions and organizations in the early 20th century.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ human ⓘ medical reformer ⓘ medical researcher ⓘ military physician ⓘ neurologist ⓘ physician ⓘ
appointedBy	Abraham Lincoln ⓘ
burialPlace	Arlington National Cemetery ⓘ
causeOfEndOfMilitaryCareer	court-martial and dismissal from the U.S. Army in 1864 ⓘ
conflict	American Civil War ⓘ
countryOfCitizenship	United States of America ⓘ
dateOfBirth	1828-08-28 ⓘ
dateOfDeath	1900-01-05 ⓘ
educatedAt	New York University School of Medicine ⓘ linked to: NYU Grossman School of Medicine University of the City of New York ⓘ linked to: College of the City of New York
endTime	1864-01-31 as Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ
fieldOfWork	hygiene and public health ⓘ military medicine ⓘ neurology ⓘ psychiatry ⓘ
founded	Army Medical Museum ⓘ linked to: U.S. Army Medical Department Museum
influenced	development of American neurology in the late 19th century ⓘ
knownFor	advancing the scientific study of nervous diseases in the United States ⓘ establishing the Army Medical Museum ⓘ modernizing the U.S. Army Medical Department during the American Civil War ⓘ promoting systematic medical record-keeping in the U.S. Army ⓘ
lateralityOfReputation	later exonerated in public opinion and regarded as a major medical reformer ⓘ
memberOf	American Neurological Association ⓘ National Academy of Sciences ⓘ
militaryBranch	United States Army ⓘ
name	William A. Hammond ⓘ linked to: U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond William Alexander Hammond ⓘ
notableWork	A Treatise on Hygiene with Special Reference to the Military Service ⓘ Insanity in Its Relations to Crime ⓘ Treatise on Diseases of the Nervous System ⓘ
occupation	medical writer ⓘ military officer ⓘ neurologist ⓘ physician ⓘ
placeOfBirth	Annapolis, Maryland ⓘ linked to: Annapolis, Maryland, United States of America
placeOfDeath	Washington, D.C. ⓘ
positionHeld	Professor of Diseases of the Mind and Nervous System at Bellevue Hospital Medical College ⓘ Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases at the University of the City of New York ⓘ Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ
precededBy	Clement A. Finley as Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ
sexOrGender	male ⓘ
spouse	Clara Adelaide Hovey ⓘ
startTime	1862-04-25 as Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ
succeededBy	Joseph K. Barnes as Surgeon General of the United States Army ⓘ