Ralph M. Steinman
E480794
Ralph M. Steinman was a Canadian immunologist renowned for discovering dendritic cells and pioneering research on the adaptive immune system, work that earned him a share of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ralph M. Steinman canonical | 2 |
| Ralph Marvin Steinman | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4878185 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ralph M. Steinman Context triple: [Jules Hoffmann, sharedNobelPrizeWith, Ralph M. Steinman]
-
A.
Peter C. Doherty
Peter C. Doherty is an Australian immunologist and Nobel Prize laureate renowned for his groundbreaking work on how the immune system recognizes virus-infected cells.
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B.
Rolf Zinkernagel
Rolf Zinkernagel is a Swiss immunologist and Nobel Prize laureate renowned for his discovery of how the immune system recognizes virus-infected cells.
-
C.
James P. Allison
James P. Allison is an American immunologist and Nobel laureate renowned for pioneering cancer immunotherapy through the development of immune checkpoint blockade.
-
D.
Jules Hoffmann
Jules Hoffmann is a Luxembourg-born French immunologist and Nobel Prize laureate renowned for his pioneering work on the innate immune system, particularly in insects.
-
E.
Bruce A. Beutler
Bruce A. Beutler is an American immunologist and geneticist renowned for his Nobel Prize–winning discoveries on the activation of innate immunity.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ralph M. Steinman Target entity description: Ralph M. Steinman was a Canadian immunologist renowned for discovering dendritic cells and pioneering research on the adaptive immune system, work that earned him a share of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
-
A.
Peter C. Doherty
Peter C. Doherty is an Australian immunologist and Nobel Prize laureate renowned for his groundbreaking work on how the immune system recognizes virus-infected cells.
-
B.
Rolf Zinkernagel
Rolf Zinkernagel is a Swiss immunologist and Nobel Prize laureate renowned for his discovery of how the immune system recognizes virus-infected cells.
-
C.
James P. Allison
James P. Allison is an American immunologist and Nobel laureate renowned for pioneering cancer immunotherapy through the development of immune checkpoint blockade.
-
D.
Jules Hoffmann
Jules Hoffmann is a Luxembourg-born French immunologist and Nobel Prize laureate renowned for his pioneering work on the innate immune system, particularly in insects.
-
E.
Bruce A. Beutler
Bruce A. Beutler is an American immunologist and geneticist renowned for his Nobel Prize–winning discoveries on the activation of innate immunity.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine
ⓘ
human ⓘ immunologist ⓘ scientist ⓘ |
| academicDegree |
Bachelor of Science
ⓘ
Doctor of Medicine ⓘ |
| awardReceived |
Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
ⓘ
Gairdner Foundation International Award ⓘ Heineken Prize for Biochemistry and Biophysics ⓘ Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ⓘ |
| causeOfDeath | pancreatic cancer ⓘ |
| coDiscovererOf | dendritic cells ⓘ |
| coDiscovererWith | Zanvil A. Cohn ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | Canada ⓘ |
| dateOfBirth | 1943-01-14 ⓘ |
| dateOfDeath | 2011-09-30 ⓘ |
| doctoralAdvisor | Zanvil A. Cohn ⓘ |
| educatedAt |
Harvard Medical School
ⓘ
McGill University ⓘ |
| employer | Rockefeller University ⓘ |
| ethnicGroup | Jewish Canadians ⓘ |
| familyName | Steinman ⓘ |
| fieldOfWork |
cell biology
ⓘ
immunology ⓘ |
| fullName |
Ralph Marvin Steinman
ⓘ
linked to:
Ralph M. Steinman
|
| gender | male ⓘ |
| givenName | Ralph ⓘ |
| knownFor |
development of dendritic cell–based immunotherapy concepts
ⓘ
discovery of dendritic cells ⓘ research on the adaptive immune system ⓘ work on antigen presentation ⓘ |
| memberOf |
Institute of Medicine of the National Academies
ⓘ
linked to:
National Academy of Medicine
National Academy of Sciences ⓘ |
| NobelPrizeCategory | Physiology or Medicine ⓘ |
| NobelPrizeMotivation | for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity ⓘ |
| NobelPrizeYear | 2011 ⓘ |
| notableStudent | Michel C. Nussenzweig ⓘ |
| placeOfBirth | Montreal, Quebec, Canada ⓘ |
| placeOfDeath |
New York City, New York, United States
ⓘ
linked to:
New York City
|
| positionHeld |
director of the Center for Immunology and Immune Diseases at Rockefeller University
ⓘ
professor at Rockefeller University ⓘ |
| researchFocus |
T-cell activation
ⓘ
antigen-presenting cells ⓘ immune tolerance ⓘ vaccine development ⓘ |
| sharedNobelPrizeWith |
Bruce A. Beutler
ⓘ
Jules A. Hoffmann ⓘ
linked to:
Jules Hoffmann
|
| workLocation | New York City ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ralph M. Steinman Description of subject: Ralph M. Steinman was a Canadian immunologist renowned for discovering dendritic cells and pioneering research on the adaptive immune system, work that earned him a share of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Ralph M. Steinman