Beinecke MS 408
E478680
Beinecke MS 408 is the unique shelfmark for the Voynich manuscript, a famously undeciphered illustrated codex held at Yale University's Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Beinecke MS 408 canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4902088 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Beinecke MS 408 Context triple: [Voynich manuscript, shelfmark, Beinecke MS 408]
-
A.
Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library
The Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library is a renowned Yale University research library famous for its vast collection of rare books, manuscripts, and literary archives housed in a distinctive modernist building.
-
B.
Parker Library manuscript collection
The Parker Library manuscript collection is a renowned assemblage of medieval and early modern manuscripts, particularly rich in Anglo-Saxon and early English texts, housed at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.
-
C.
Codex Bodley
Codex Bodley is a pre-Columbian Mixtec pictorial manuscript that records the genealogy, dynastic history, and rituals of Mixtec rulers in what is now Oaxaca, Mexico.
-
D.
Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
The Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library is Duke University’s primary special collections repository, housing rare books, manuscripts, archives, and other unique research materials.
-
E.
Cambridge University Library MS Nn.2.41
Cambridge University Library MS Nn.2.41 is the manuscript designation for the Codex Bezae, a significant early bilingual Greek-Latin New Testament codex renowned for its distinctive textual variants.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Beinecke MS 408 Target entity description: Beinecke MS 408 is the unique shelfmark for the Voynich manuscript, a famously undeciphered illustrated codex held at Yale University's Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library.
-
A.
Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library
The Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library is a renowned Yale University research library famous for its vast collection of rare books, manuscripts, and literary archives housed in a distinctive modernist building.
-
B.
Parker Library manuscript collection
The Parker Library manuscript collection is a renowned assemblage of medieval and early modern manuscripts, particularly rich in Anglo-Saxon and early English texts, housed at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.
-
C.
Codex Bodley
Codex Bodley is a pre-Columbian Mixtec pictorial manuscript that records the genealogy, dynastic history, and rituals of Mixtec rulers in what is now Oaxaca, Mexico.
-
D.
Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
The Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library is Duke University’s primary special collections repository, housing rare books, manuscripts, archives, and other unique research materials.
-
E.
Cambridge University Library MS Nn.2.41
Cambridge University Library MS Nn.2.41 is the manuscript designation for the Codex Bezae, a significant early bilingual Greek-Latin New Testament codex renowned for its distinctive textual variants.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
cipher manuscript
ⓘ
historical document ⓘ illustrated codex ⓘ medieval manuscript ⓘ |
| acquiredBy | Yale University ⓘ |
| acquisitionDate | 1969 ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Voynich manuscript ⓘ |
| approximateDate | early 15th century ⓘ |
| binding | modern binding ⓘ |
| catalogCode | Beinecke MS 408 ⓘ |
| cityOfLocation | New Haven, Connecticut ⓘ |
| contains |
astronomical diagrams
ⓘ
cosmological diagrams ⓘ nude female figures ⓘ pharmaceutical drawings ⓘ plant illustrations ⓘ text paragraphs ⓘ zodiac symbols ⓘ |
| countryOfLocation | United States of America ⓘ |
| digitalFacsimileAvailableAt |
Beinecke Digital Library website
ⓘ
linked to:
Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library
|
| folioCount | over 200 folios ⓘ |
| hasOwnerInHistory |
Ethel Voynich
ⓘ
linked to:
Ethel Lilian Voynich
Georg Baresch ⓘ Hans P. Kraus ⓘ Johannes Marcus Marci ⓘ Wilfrid Voynich ⓘ
linked to:
Wilfrid Michael Voynich
|
| hasPart |
astrological section
ⓘ
astronomical section ⓘ balneological section ⓘ herbal section ⓘ pharmaceutical section ⓘ recipes section ⓘ |
| heldBy | Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library ⓘ |
| inkType | iron gall ink ⓘ |
| language | undeciphered language ⓘ |
| locatedInInstitution | Yale University ⓘ |
| material | vellum ⓘ |
| notableFor | being one of the most famous undeciphered manuscripts in the world ⓘ |
| pigments | various mineral and organic pigments ⓘ |
| placeOfOrigin |
Central Europe (hypothesized)
ⓘ
linked to:
Central Europe
Northern Italy (hypothesized) ⓘ
linked to:
Northern Italy
|
| radiocarbonDating | 1404–1438 ⓘ |
| scriptType | cursive script ⓘ |
| shelfmark | MS 408 ⓘ |
| status | undeciphered ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
cryptographic research
ⓘ
linguistic analysis ⓘ statistical text analysis ⓘ |
| writingSystem | unknown script ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Beinecke MS 408 Description of subject: Beinecke MS 408 is the unique shelfmark for the Voynich manuscript, a famously undeciphered illustrated codex held at Yale University's Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.