Serra do Espinhaço

E465014

mountain range

Serra do Espinhaço is a major mountain range in eastern Brazil known for its extensive plateaus, unique biodiversity, and rich mineral resources.

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All labels observed (4)

Label	Occurrences
Serra do Espinhaço canonical	3
Serra do Espinhaço Meridional	1
Serra do Espinhaço Setentrional	1
central Espinhaço Range	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4600989 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Serra do Espinhaço
Context triple: [Brazilian Highlands, contains, Serra do Espinhaço]

A. Serra da Mantiqueira
Serra da Mantiqueira is a prominent mountain range in southeastern Brazil known for its high peaks, Atlantic Forest remnants, and important water sources that feed major river basins.
B. Monte Brasil
Monte Brasil is a prominent volcanic peninsula and natural reserve on Terceira Island in the Azores, known for its scenic trails, historical fortifications, and panoramic views over Angra do Heroísmo.
C. Serra do Marão
Serra do Marão is a prominent mountain range in northern Portugal known for its rugged landscapes and panoramic views over the Douro and Minho regions.
D. Serra da Ibiapaba
Serra da Ibiapaba is a plateau and mountain range in northeastern Brazil known for its escarpments, mild climate, and rich biodiversity along the border between Ceará and Piauí.
E. Pico da Bandeira
Pico da Bandeira is a prominent mountain on the border of the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, renowned as one of Brazil’s highest and most frequently climbed peaks.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Serra do Espinhaço
Target entity description: Serra do Espinhaço is a major mountain range in eastern Brazil known for its extensive plateaus, unique biodiversity, and rich mineral resources.

A. Serra da Mantiqueira
Serra da Mantiqueira is a prominent mountain range in southeastern Brazil known for its high peaks, Atlantic Forest remnants, and important water sources that feed major river basins.
B. Monte Brasil
Monte Brasil is a prominent volcanic peninsula and natural reserve on Terceira Island in the Azores, known for its scenic trails, historical fortifications, and panoramic views over Angra do Heroísmo.
C. Serra do Marão
Serra do Marão is a prominent mountain range in northern Portugal known for its rugged landscapes and panoramic views over the Douro and Minho regions.
D. Serra da Ibiapaba
Serra da Ibiapaba is a plateau and mountain range in northeastern Brazil known for its escarpments, mild climate, and rich biodiversity along the border between Ceará and Piauí.
E. Pico da Bandeira
Pico da Bandeira is a prominent mountain on the border of the Brazilian states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, renowned as one of Brazil’s highest and most frequently climbed peaks.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (61)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	mountain range ⓘ
biodiversityHotspot	yes ⓘ
climate	tropical highland climate ⓘ
contains	Atlantic Forest fragments ⓘ caatinga enclaves ⓘ campo rupestre vegetation ⓘ cerrado vegetation ⓘ rupestrian grasslands ⓘ
continent	South America ⓘ
country	Brazil ⓘ
economicActivity	cattle ranching ⓘ ecotourism ⓘ mining ⓘ
elevation	approximately 2072 metres ⓘ
geologicalAge	Precambrian ⓘ linked to: Precambrian Supereon
geologicalFormation	Espinhaço Supergroup ⓘ
hasPart	Chapada Diamantina ⓘ linked to: Chapada Diamantina National Park Serra do Cabral ⓘ Serra do Caraça ⓘ linked to: Serra do Cabral Serra do Cipó ⓘ Serra do Espinhaço Meridional ⓘ linked to: Serra do Espinhaço Serra do Espinhaço Setentrional ⓘ linked to: Serra do Espinhaço Serra do Grão Mogol ⓘ Serra do Itacolomi ⓘ Serra do Ouro Branco ⓘ
highestPoint	Pico do Itambé ⓘ Pico do Sol ⓘ
knownFor	extensive plateaus ⓘ gemstones ⓘ gold deposits ⓘ iron ore deposits ⓘ rich mineral resources ⓘ unique biodiversity ⓘ
length	approximately 1000 kilometres ⓘ
locatedIn	Northeast Region of Brazil ⓘ Southeast Region of Brazil ⓘ eastern Brazil ⓘ state of Bahia ⓘ linked to: Bahia state of Minas Gerais ⓘ linked to: Minas Gerais
near	city of Belo Horizonte ⓘ linked to: Belo Horizonte city of Diamantina ⓘ linked to: Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil city of Ouro Preto ⓘ linked to: Ouro Preto
orientation	north–south ⓘ
partOf	Brazilian Highlands ⓘ
protectedAreas	Parque Estadual do Itambé ⓘ linked to: Serra do Cabral State Park Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina ⓘ linked to: Chapada Diamantina National Park Serra do Cabral State Park ⓘ Serra do Cipó National Park ⓘ
rockType	conglomerate ⓘ iron-rich formations ⓘ quartzite ⓘ sandstone ⓘ
sourceOf	Araçuaí River ⓘ Doce River tributaries ⓘ Jequitinhonha River ⓘ Jequitinhonha River tributaries ⓘ São Francisco River tributaries ⓘ
threat	deforestation ⓘ frequent fires ⓘ mining expansion ⓘ
UNESCOStatus	Biosphere Reserve core area (Espinhaço Range Biosphere Reserve) ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (6)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Brazilian Highlands → contains → Serra do Espinhaço ⓘ

Minas Gerais → mountainRange → Serra do Espinhaço ⓘ

Serra do Espinhaço → hasPart → Serra do Espinhaço Meridional ⓘ

linked to: Serra do Espinhaço

Serra do Espinhaço → hasPart → Serra do Espinhaço Setentrional ⓘ

linked to: Serra do Espinhaço

Historic Town of Ouro Preto → locatedIn → Serra do Espinhaço ⓘ

Serra do Cipó National Park → region → central Espinhaço Range ⓘ

linked to: Serra do Espinhaço

All labels observed (4)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (61)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (6)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited