nullification trial of 1455–1456
E415154
The nullification trial of 1455–1456 was the posthumous retrial that overturned Joan of Arc’s heresy conviction and formally declared her innocent.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| nullification trial of 1455–1456 canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4132938 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: nullification trial of 1455–1456 Context triple: [Joan of Arc, posthumousEvent, nullification trial of 1455–1456]
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A.
Trial of the Seventeen
Trial of the Seventeen is a fantasy novel in the Spellmonger series by Terry Mancour, continuing the epic tale of mage Minalan and his allies as they confront escalating magical and political threats.
-
B.
Trial of the Sixteen
The Trial of the Sixteen was a 1936 Soviet show trial in Moscow in which prominent Old Bolsheviks were accused of treason and summarily condemned, marking a key early stage of Stalin’s Great Purge.
-
C.
Disputation of Barcelona
The Disputation of Barcelona was a formal 1263 religious debate before King James I of Aragon between the Jewish scholar Nachmanides and the Christian convert Pablo Christiani over the messianic claims of Christianity and the interpretation of Jewish texts.
-
D.
Verona trial
The Verona trial was a 1944 Fascist show trial in the Italian Social Republic that prosecuted former Fascist leaders, including Emilio De Bono, for their role in deposing Benito Mussolini.
-
E.
Bern Disputation of 1528
The Bern Disputation of 1528 was a pivotal public theological debate in the Swiss city of Bern that led to the official adoption of Protestant reforms and significantly advanced the Swiss Reformation.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: nullification trial of 1455–1456 Target entity description: The nullification trial of 1455–1456 was the posthumous retrial that overturned Joan of Arc’s heresy conviction and formally declared her innocent.
-
A.
Trial of the Seventeen
Trial of the Seventeen is a fantasy novel in the Spellmonger series by Terry Mancour, continuing the epic tale of mage Minalan and his allies as they confront escalating magical and political threats.
-
B.
Trial of the Sixteen
The Trial of the Sixteen was a 1936 Soviet show trial in Moscow in which prominent Old Bolsheviks were accused of treason and summarily condemned, marking a key early stage of Stalin’s Great Purge.
-
C.
Disputation of Barcelona
The Disputation of Barcelona was a formal 1263 religious debate before King James I of Aragon between the Jewish scholar Nachmanides and the Christian convert Pablo Christiani over the messianic claims of Christianity and the interpretation of Jewish texts.
-
D.
Verona trial
The Verona trial was a 1944 Fascist show trial in the Italian Social Republic that prosecuted former Fascist leaders, including Emilio De Bono, for their role in deposing Benito Mussolini.
-
E.
Bern Disputation of 1528
The Bern Disputation of 1528 was a pivotal public theological debate in the Swiss city of Bern that led to the official adoption of Protestant reforms and significantly advanced the Swiss Reformation.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
ecclesiastical trial
ⓘ
posthumous trial ⓘ retrial ⓘ |
| appliesToEvent |
trial and execution of Joan of Arc
ⓘ
surface form:
trial of Joan of Arc (1431)
|
| authorizedBy | Pope Callixtus III ⓘ |
| category |
15th-century trials
ⓘ
Catholic Church legal history ⓘ Joan of Arc ⓘ |
| chronologicalRelation | held about 25 years after Joan of Arc’s execution ⓘ |
| convenedBy | Pope Callixtus III ⓘ |
| country | Kingdom of France ⓘ |
| dateOfFinalSentence | 7 July 1456 ⓘ |
| declaredInvalid | sentence of heresy pronounced in 1431 ⓘ |
| endTime | 1456 ⓘ |
| examined |
records of the 1431 trial of Joan of Arc
ⓘ
testimony of witnesses who knew Joan of Arc ⓘ |
| hasEffect |
annulled the 1431 condemnation of Joan of Arc
ⓘ
formally declared Joan of Arc innocent ⓘ overturned Joan of Arc’s heresy conviction ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | Late Middle Ages ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
inquisitorial authority of the Church
ⓘ
papal legates ⓘ |
| languageOfRecord |
French
ⓘ
Latin ⓘ |
| legalFinding |
Joan of Arc died as a faithful daughter of the Church
ⓘ
original trial was tainted by fraud and procedural irregularities ⓘ |
| legalStatus | rehabilitation proceeding ⓘ |
| location |
Paris
ⓘ
Rouen NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| mainSubject | Joan of Arc ⓘ |
| opposedDecisionOf |
Pierre Cauchon
ⓘ
surface form:
Bishop Pierre Cauchon
|
| partOf | rehabilitation of Joan of Arc ⓘ |
| presidedOverBy |
Cardinal Guillaume d’Estouteville
ⓘ
Jean Bréhal NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| religion |
Roman Catholicism
ⓘ
surface form:
Catholic Church
|
| requestedBy |
Isabelle Romée
ⓘ
Joan of Arc ⓘ
surface form:
Joan of Arc’s family
|
| result |
Joan of Arc declared a martyr
ⓘ
condemnation of 1431 declared null and void ⓘ |
| significance |
laid groundwork for later canonization of Joan of Arc
ⓘ
restored Joan of Arc’s reputation in the Church ⓘ |
| startTime | 1455 ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
modern historical studies on Joan of Arc
ⓘ
rehabilitation documents of Joan of Arc ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: nullification trial of 1455–1456 Description of subject: The nullification trial of 1455–1456 was the posthumous retrial that overturned Joan of Arc’s heresy conviction and formally declared her innocent.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.