General Agreement on Trade in Services
E4119
The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is the main international treaty governing global trade in services, setting rules and commitments for how countries open and regulate their service sectors.
All labels observed (16)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T45257 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: General Agreement on Trade in Services Context triple: [World Trade Organization, coreAgreement, General Agreement on Trade in Services]
-
A.
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was a post–World War II multilateral treaty that governed international trade by reducing tariffs and other barriers, laying the foundation for the modern global trading system.
-
B.
World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization is an international body that regulates global trade rules between nations, aiming to ensure trade flows smoothly, predictably, and freely.
-
C.
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) is an international arbitration institution that facilitates the resolution of legal disputes between foreign investors and sovereign states under investment treaties and contracts.
-
D.
USMCA
The USMCA (United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement) is a trilateral trade pact that modernized and replaced NAFTA, governing economic and trade relations among the U.S., Mexico, and Canada.
-
E.
OECD
The OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) is an international organization of mostly high-income democracies that works to promote economic growth, trade, and policy coordination among its member countries.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: General Agreement on Trade in Services Target entity description: The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is the main international treaty governing global trade in services, setting rules and commitments for how countries open and regulate their service sectors.
-
A.
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was a post–World War II multilateral treaty that governed international trade by reducing tariffs and other barriers, laying the foundation for the modern global trading system.
-
B.
World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization is an international body that regulates global trade rules between nations, aiming to ensure trade flows smoothly, predictably, and freely.
-
C.
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) is an international arbitration institution that facilitates the resolution of legal disputes between foreign investors and sovereign states under investment treaties and contracts.
-
D.
USMCA
The USMCA (United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement) is a trilateral trade pact that modernized and replaced NAFTA, governing economic and trade relations among the U.S., Mexico, and Canada.
-
E.
OECD
The OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) is an international organization of mostly high-income democracies that works to promote economic growth, trade, and policy coordination among its member countries.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
World Trade Organization agreement
ⓘ
multilateral trade agreement ⓘ |
| abbreviation |
General Agreement on Trade in Services
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
GATS
|
| administeredBy | World Trade Organization ⓘ |
| adoptedAsPartOf |
Uruguay Round (1986–1994)
ⓘ
surface form:
Uruguay Round agreements
|
| allows | MFN exemptions under specified conditions ⓘ |
| appliesTo | all WTO members ⓘ |
| bindingOn | World Trade Organization members ⓘ |
| concludedIn | 1994 ⓘ |
| contains |
Annex on Air Transport Services
ⓘ
Annex on Financial Services ⓘ Annex on Maritime Transport Services ⓘ Annex on Movement of Natural Persons ⓘ Annex on Telecommunications ⓘ annexes on specific service sectors ⓘ general obligations ⓘ specific commitments schedules ⓘ |
| covers |
domestic regulation of services
ⓘ
international trade in services ⓘ market access for services ⓘ most-favoured-nation treatment in services ⓘ national treatment for services ⓘ progressive liberalization of services trade ⓘ |
| defines | four modes of supply of services ⓘ |
| enteredIntoForce | 1995 ⓘ |
| excludes | services supplied in the exercise of governmental authority ⓘ |
| language |
English
ⓘ
French ⓘ Spanish ⓘ |
| legalStatus | binding international treaty ⓘ |
| modeOfSupply |
Mode 1 cross-border supply
ⓘ
Mode 2 consumption abroad ⓘ Mode 3 commercial presence ⓘ Mode 4 presence of natural persons ⓘ |
| negotiationForum | Council for Trade in Services ⓘ |
| negotiationRound |
Uruguay Round (1986–1994)
ⓘ
surface form:
Uruguay Round
|
| objective |
increased participation of developing countries in services trade
ⓘ
progressive liberalization of trade in services ⓘ promotion of economic growth ⓘ |
| partOf | World Trade Organization legal framework ⓘ |
| predecessor | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ⓘ |
| principle |
most-favoured-nation treatment
ⓘ
national treatment ⓘ progressive liberalization through successive rounds of negotiations ⓘ transparency of regulations ⓘ |
| requires |
establishment of enquiry points for information
ⓘ
publication of relevant measures affecting services trade ⓘ |
| scope | measures by members affecting trade in services ⓘ |
| signedAt | Marrakesh ⓘ |
| subjectTo |
Dispute Settlement Understanding
ⓘ
surface form:
WTO dispute settlement mechanism
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: General Agreement on Trade in Services Description of subject: The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is the main international treaty governing global trade in services, setting rules and commitments for how countries open and regulate their service sectors.
Referenced by (49)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
WTO agreements subject to procedures in the Marrakesh Agreement
Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization
→
includes
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Annex 1B: General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
General Agreement on Trade in Services
→
abbreviation
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
GATS
this entity surface form:
GATS
this entity surface form:
GATS
this entity surface form:
Annex 1B of the WTO Agreement
this entity surface form:
Annex 1B: General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
this entity surface form:
Annex 1B: General Agreement on Trade in Services
this entity surface form:
World Trade Organization services framework
this entity surface form:
GATS Article II on most-favoured-nation treatment
this entity surface form:
GATS Article XVI on market access
this entity surface form:
GATS Article XVII on national treatment
subject surface form:
Council for Trade in Services
subject surface form:
Council for Trade in Services
this entity surface form:
Schedules of Specific Commitments under GATS
this entity surface form:
GATS
this entity surface form:
GATS Article VI
this entity surface form:
GATS
Qatar – Certain Measures Concerning Goods and Services from the United Arab Emirates (DS526)
→
agreementInvoked
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Annex 1B General Agreement on Trade in Services
this entity surface form:
GATS
Annex 1A: Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods
→
relatedTo
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Annex 1B: General Agreement on Trade in Services
United Nations Central Product Classification for services
→
relatedTo
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) sectoral classifications
WTO Council for Trade in Services in Special Session
→
legalBasis
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
Understanding on Commitments in Financial Services
→
legalFramework
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
Understanding on Commitments in Financial Services
→
category
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
WTO services trade instrument
subject surface form:
Committee on Specific Commitments
subject surface form:
Working Party on GATS Rules
subject surface form:
Working Party on GATS Rules
this entity surface form:
GATS
subject surface form:
Working Party on GATS Rules
this entity surface form:
GATS
Canada – Certain Measures Affecting the Automotive Industry
→
legalInstrumentInvoked
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
GATS
European Communities – Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas
→
agreementConcerned
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
GATS
United States – Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services
→
agreementInvoked
→
General Agreement on Trade in Services
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
GATS
this entity surface form:
WTO agreements on trade in services