2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
E41170
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami was a massive undersea megathrust earthquake off the coast of Sumatra that triggered devastating tsunamis across the Indian Ocean, killing over 200,000 people and becoming one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history.
All labels observed (7)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T318653 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami Context triple: [Indo-Australian Plate, causedEvent, 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami]
-
A.
Great Kanto earthquake
The Great Kanto earthquake was a devastating 1923 seismic disaster that struck the Tokyo-Yokohama region of Japan, causing massive destruction and loss of life.
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B.
Great Hanshin earthquake
The Great Hanshin earthquake was a devastating 1995 seismic disaster in Japan that caused widespread destruction and loss of life, particularly in the city of Kobe.
-
C.
1755 Lisbon earthquake
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake was a devastating seismic event that struck Portugal’s capital on All Saints’ Day, triggering massive fires and a tsunami, and profoundly influencing European philosophy, science, and urban planning.
-
D.
Krakatoa
Krakatoa is a volcanic island in the Sunda Strait famous for its catastrophic 1883 eruption, one of the most powerful and destructive volcanic events in recorded history.
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E.
1906 San Francisco earthquake
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was a devastating magnitude 7.8 seismic event that struck Northern California, causing widespread destruction and fires that nearly leveled San Francisco and became one of the worst natural disasters in U.S. history.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami Target entity description: The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami was a massive undersea megathrust earthquake off the coast of Sumatra that triggered devastating tsunamis across the Indian Ocean, killing over 200,000 people and becoming one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history.
-
A.
Great Kanto earthquake
The Great Kanto earthquake was a devastating 1923 seismic disaster that struck the Tokyo-Yokohama region of Japan, causing massive destruction and loss of life.
-
B.
Great Hanshin earthquake
The Great Hanshin earthquake was a devastating 1995 seismic disaster in Japan that caused widespread destruction and loss of life, particularly in the city of Kobe.
-
C.
1755 Lisbon earthquake
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake was a devastating seismic event that struck Portugal’s capital on All Saints’ Day, triggering massive fires and a tsunami, and profoundly influencing European philosophy, science, and urban planning.
-
D.
Krakatoa
Krakatoa is a volcanic island in the Sunda Strait famous for its catastrophic 1883 eruption, one of the most powerful and destructive volcanic events in recorded history.
-
E.
1906 San Francisco earthquake
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was a devastating magnitude 7.8 seismic event that struck Northern California, causing widespread destruction and fires that nearly leveled San Francisco and became one of the worst natural disasters in U.S. history.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (62)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
megathrust earthquake
ⓘ
natural disaster ⓘ tsunami ⓘ undersea earthquake ⓘ |
| aftershocks | numerous large aftershocks along the Sunda Trench ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
ⓘ
surface form:
Boxing Day tsunami
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami ⓘ
surface form:
Sumatra–Andaman earthquake
|
| casualtiesEstimate | over 230000 people killed ⓘ |
| casualtiesRange | about 230000–280000 dead or missing ⓘ |
| countryMostAffected |
India
ⓘ
Indonesia ⓘ Sri Lanka ⓘ Thailand ⓘ |
| date | 2004-12-26 ⓘ |
| deadliestInCountry | deadliest natural disaster in Indonesia’s recorded history ⓘ |
| depth | about 30 km ⓘ |
| economicDamage | over 10 billion US dollars ⓘ |
| epicenterLocation | off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia ⓘ |
| faultType | megathrust ⓘ |
| globalRanking |
one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history
ⓘ
one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded ⓘ |
| homelessEstimate | about 1.7 million people displaced ⓘ |
| injuredEstimate | over 1250000 people displaced or left homeless ⓘ |
| ledTo |
creation of the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System
ⓘ
major international humanitarian relief operations ⓘ revisions of global tsunami early warning protocols ⓘ |
| localTimeAtEpicenter | about 07:58 local time in Sumatra ⓘ |
| magnitude | 9.1–9.3 Mw ⓘ |
| maximumSlip | over 20 meters ⓘ |
| maximumTsunamiHeight | over 30 meters in some locations ⓘ |
| maximumTsunamiHeightLocation |
Aceh
ⓘ
surface form:
Aceh province, Sumatra, Indonesia
|
| momentMagnitude | 9.1 Mw ⓘ |
| notableConsequence |
long-term displacement of coastal populations
ⓘ
significant changes to coastal geomorphology in affected areas ⓘ widespread coastal destruction across multiple countries ⓘ |
| oceanBasin | Indian Ocean ⓘ |
| plateInvolved |
Burma Plate
ⓘ
Indo-Australian Plate ⓘ
surface form:
Indian Plate
|
| primaryAffectedProvince |
Aceh
ⓘ
surface form:
Aceh, Indonesia
|
| regionAffected |
People's Republic of Bangladesh (from East Pakistan)
ⓘ
surface form:
Bangladesh
India ⓘ Indian Ocean ⓘ Indonesia ⓘ Kenya ⓘ Malaysia ⓘ Maldives ⓘ Myanmar ⓘ Seychelles ⓘ Somalia ⓘ Sri Lanka ⓘ Tanzania ⓘ Thailand ⓘ |
| ruptureLength | about 1300 km ⓘ |
| seismicMoment | about 4.0×10^22 N·m ⓘ |
| tectonicSetting | subduction zone between the Indian Plate and the Burma Plate ⓘ |
| timeUTC | 00:58:53 UTC ⓘ |
| tsunamiCause | seafloor displacement due to megathrust fault rupture ⓘ |
| tsunamiTravelTimeToEastAfrica | about 7 hours ⓘ |
| tsunamiTravelTimeToSriLanka | about 2 hours ⓘ |
| tsunamiType | teletsunami ⓘ |
| tsunamiWarningSystemsBeforeEvent | no comprehensive Indian Ocean tsunami warning system in place ⓘ |
| year | 2004 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami Description of subject: The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami was a massive undersea megathrust earthquake off the coast of Sumatra that triggered devastating tsunamis across the Indian Ocean, killing over 200,000 people and becoming one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history.
Referenced by (34)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
this entity surface form:
Boxing Day tsunami
this entity surface form:
Sumatra–Andaman earthquake
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
Dispatches from the Edge: A Memoir of War, Disasters, and Survival
→
notableCoverage
→
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
this entity surface form:
2004 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
subject surface form:
The Impossible
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
Pacific Tsunami Warning Center
→
significantEventMonitored
→
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in Aceh