Tennessee v. Lane
E403297
Fourteenth Amendment enforcement case
United States Supreme Court case
landmark disability rights case
Tennessee v. Lane is a 2004 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to require states to provide accessible courthouses under the Americans with Disabilities Act as a valid enforcement of the Fourteenth Amendment.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Tennessee v. Lane canonical | 4 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3981245 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tennessee v. Lane Context triple: [Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment, interpretedByCase, Tennessee v. Lane]
-
A.
Alabama v. Shelton
Alabama v. Shelton is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a suspended sentence that may result in imprisonment cannot be imposed unless the defendant was afforded the right to counsel.
-
B.
Kentucky v. Dennison
Kentucky v. Dennison was an 1861 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited federal power by holding that federal courts could not compel state governors to carry out interstate extradition.
-
C.
Duncan v. Louisiana
Duncan v. Louisiana is a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial in criminal cases applies to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
D.
Virginia v. Black
Virginia v. Black is a 2003 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a ban on cross burning carried out with intent to intimidate while clarifying the limits of First Amendment protection for hate speech and symbolic expression.
-
E.
Chisholm v. Georgia
Chisholm v. Georgia was a 1793 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a state could be sued in federal court by a citizen of another state, a ruling that led directly to the adoption of the Eleventh Amendment limiting such suits.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tennessee v. Lane Target entity description: Tennessee v. Lane is a 2004 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to require states to provide accessible courthouses under the Americans with Disabilities Act as a valid enforcement of the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
A.
Alabama v. Shelton
Alabama v. Shelton is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a suspended sentence that may result in imprisonment cannot be imposed unless the defendant was afforded the right to counsel.
-
B.
Kentucky v. Dennison
Kentucky v. Dennison was an 1861 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited federal power by holding that federal courts could not compel state governors to carry out interstate extradition.
-
C.
Duncan v. Louisiana
Duncan v. Louisiana is a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial in criminal cases applies to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
D.
Virginia v. Black
Virginia v. Black is a 2003 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a ban on cross burning carried out with intent to intimidate while clarifying the limits of First Amendment protection for hate speech and symbolic expression.
-
E.
Chisholm v. Georgia
Chisholm v. Georgia was a 1793 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a state could be sued in federal court by a citizen of another state, a ruling that led directly to the adoption of the Eleventh Amendment limiting such suits.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Fourteenth Amendment enforcement case
ⓘ
United States Supreme Court case ⓘ landmark disability rights case ⓘ |
| aroseInJurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| concernsIssue |
congruence and proportionality test for Section 5 legislation
ⓘ
obligations of states to provide accessible courthouses ⓘ state sovereign immunity ⓘ |
| concernsRight | fundamental right of access to the courts ⓘ |
| decisionType | opinion of the Court ⓘ |
| distinguishesCase | Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett ⓘ |
| factPattern |
a court reporter with disabilities alleged denial of access to multiple county courthouses
ⓘ
a paraplegic criminal defendant was required to crawl up courthouse stairs to reach a courtroom ⓘ |
| followsCaseLawFrom |
Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett
ⓘ
City of Boerne v. Flores ⓘ |
| hasArgumentDate | January 13, 2004 ⓘ |
| hasChiefJusticeAtDecision | William H. Rehnquist ⓘ |
| hasCitation | 541 U.S. 509 ⓘ |
| hasConcurrenceBy |
David H. Souter
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice David H. Souter
Ruth Bader Ginsburg ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Sandra Day O’Connor ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Sandra Day O’Connor
Stephen G. Breyer ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Stephen G. Breyer
|
| hasCourt | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| hasDecisionDate | May 17, 2004 ⓘ |
| hasDissentBy |
William H. Rehnquist
ⓘ
surface form:
Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist
Anthony M. Kennedy ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Anthony M. Kennedy
Antonin Scalia ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Antonin Scalia
Clarence Thomas ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Clarence Thomas
|
| hasDocketNumber | 02-1667 ⓘ |
| hasMajorityOpinionBy |
John Paul Stevens
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice John Paul Stevens
|
| hasPetitioner |
Beverly Jones
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
George Lane ⓘ |
| hasRespondent |
Tennessee
ⓘ
surface form:
State of Tennessee
|
| hasVoteSplit | 5-4 ⓘ |
| holds |
Congress validly abrogated state sovereign immunity under Title II of the ADA as applied to access to courts
ⓘ
States may be sued for money damages in federal court for failing to provide disabled persons access to judicial services under Title II of the ADA ⓘ ADA Title II ⓘ
surface form:
Title II of the ADA is a proper exercise of Congress’s enforcement power under Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment as applied to cases implicating the fundamental right of access to the courts
|
| involvesConstitutionalProvision |
Due Process Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
Equal Protection Clause ⓘ
surface form:
Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ
surface form:
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ |
| involvesPartyStatus | individuals with mobility impairments ⓘ |
| involvesStatute |
Americans with Disabilities Act
ⓘ
surface form:
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
|
| involvesStatuteTitle | Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act ⓘ |
| jurisdictionLevel | federal question jurisdiction ⓘ |
| legalEffect |
affirmed the constitutionality of Title II of the ADA as applied to access to courts
ⓘ
expanded remedies available to disabled individuals against states for denial of court access ⓘ |
| relatesTo |
disability discrimination in public services
ⓘ
enforcement of civil rights against states ⓘ |
| subjectMatter | public services and programs provided by state and local governments ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Tennessee v. Lane Description of subject: Tennessee v. Lane is a 2004 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to require states to provide accessible courthouses under the Americans with Disabilities Act as a valid enforcement of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett
→
subsequentCitationBy
→
Tennessee v. Lane
ⓘ