Thermal Infrared Sensor
E399066
The Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) is a Landsat 8 instrument that measures Earth’s thermal radiation to monitor surface temperature and support applications such as water management and climate studies.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Thermal Infrared Sensor canonical | 3 |
| Thermal Infrared Sensor 2 | 2 |
| Landsat 7 ETM+ thermal band | 1 |
| Longwave Infrared Camera | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3918688 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Thermal Infrared Sensor Context triple: [Landsat satellites, Landsat 8:primaryInstruments, Thermal Infrared Sensor]
-
A.
Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a key Earth-observing sensor that collects high-resolution visible and infrared imagery for weather, climate, ocean, and environmental monitoring from polar-orbiting satellites.
-
B.
HySI (Hyper Spectral Imager)
HySI (Hyper Spectral Imager) is a spaceborne imaging spectrometer designed to capture high-resolution hyperspectral data of the lunar surface for mineralogical and compositional analysis.
-
C.
Imaging IR Spectrometer
The Imaging IR Spectrometer is a Chandrayaan-2 orbiter instrument designed to map the Moon’s surface composition by measuring reflected and emitted infrared radiation.
-
D.
Near Infrared Spectrometer
The Near Infrared Spectrometer is a scientific instrument designed to analyze the composition and mineralogy of surfaces or atmospheres by measuring their reflected or emitted light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
-
E.
Infrared Spectrograph
The Infrared Spectrograph is a scientific instrument designed to disperse and analyze infrared light from astronomical objects, enabling detailed studies of their composition, temperature, and physical conditions.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Thermal Infrared Sensor Target entity description: The Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) is a Landsat 8 instrument that measures Earth’s thermal radiation to monitor surface temperature and support applications such as water management and climate studies.
-
A.
Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a key Earth-observing sensor that collects high-resolution visible and infrared imagery for weather, climate, ocean, and environmental monitoring from polar-orbiting satellites.
-
B.
HySI (Hyper Spectral Imager)
HySI (Hyper Spectral Imager) is a spaceborne imaging spectrometer designed to capture high-resolution hyperspectral data of the lunar surface for mineralogical and compositional analysis.
-
C.
Imaging IR Spectrometer
The Imaging IR Spectrometer is a Chandrayaan-2 orbiter instrument designed to map the Moon’s surface composition by measuring reflected and emitted infrared radiation.
-
D.
Near Infrared Spectrometer
The Near Infrared Spectrometer is a scientific instrument designed to analyze the composition and mineralogy of surfaces or atmospheres by measuring their reflected or emitted light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
-
E.
Infrared Spectrograph
The Infrared Spectrograph is a scientific instrument designed to disperse and analyze infrared light from astronomical objects, enabling detailed studies of their composition, temperature, and physical conditions.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Landsat instrument
ⓘ
remote sensing instrument ⓘ satellite imaging instrument ⓘ |
| abbreviation | TIRS ⓘ |
| band10WavelengthRange | 10.6–11.19 micrometers ⓘ |
| band11WavelengthRange | 11.5–12.51 micrometers ⓘ |
| coolingMethod | cryogenic cooler ⓘ |
| dataProduct |
Landsat 8 TIRS Level-1
ⓘ
linked to:
Landsat 8
Landsat 8 TIRS Level-2 surface temperature ⓘ |
| dataProvider |
USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science Center
ⓘ
linked to:
United States Geological Survey
|
| detectorMaterial | QWIP ⓘ |
| detectorType | quantum well infrared photodetector ⓘ |
| enablesDerivationOf |
land surface temperature
ⓘ
surface energy balance parameters ⓘ |
| fullName | Thermal Infrared Sensor ⓘ |
| hasSpectralBand |
Band 10
ⓘ
Band 11 ⓘ |
| launchDate | 2013-02-11 ⓘ |
| launchVehicle | Atlas V 401 ⓘ |
| localEquatorCrossingTime | approximately 10:00 a.m. descending node ⓘ |
| managingAgency |
NASA
ⓘ
United States Geological Survey ⓘ |
| measuresQuantity | top-of-atmosphere thermal radiance ⓘ |
| mission |
Landsat Data Continuity Mission
ⓘ
linked to:
Landsat 8
|
| operatesOnSatellite |
Landsat 8
ⓘ
Landsat 9 ⓘ |
| orbitsEarthWith | sun-synchronous orbit ⓘ |
| primaryPurpose |
measure Earth’s thermal radiation
ⓘ
monitor land surface temperature ⓘ |
| radiometricResolution | 12-bit ⓘ |
| resampledProductResolution | 30 meters ⓘ |
| spatialResolution | 100 meters at nadir ⓘ |
| spectralRegion | thermal infrared ⓘ |
| successorTo |
Landsat 7 ETM+ thermal band
ⓘ
linked to:
Thermal Infrared Sensor
|
| supportsApplication |
agricultural monitoring
ⓘ
climate studies ⓘ drought monitoring ⓘ evapotranspiration estimation ⓘ heat island studies ⓘ irrigation management ⓘ land cover change analysis ⓘ water resource management ⓘ |
| swathWidth | approximately 185 kilometers ⓘ |
| usedFor |
assessing wildfire effects
ⓘ
mapping surface temperature patterns ⓘ monitoring permafrost and snowpack conditions ⓘ monitoring thermal pollution in water bodies ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Thermal Infrared Sensor Description of subject: The Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) is a Landsat 8 instrument that measures Earth’s thermal radiation to monitor surface temperature and support applications such as water management and climate studies.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Thermal Infrared Sensor
linked to: Thermal Infrared Sensor
linked to: Thermal Infrared Sensor