Kam–Sui languages
E263446
The Kam–Sui languages are a branch of the Tai–Kadai language family spoken primarily in southern China, including languages such as Kam (Dong) and Sui.
All labels observed (6)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Kam–Sui languages canonical | 29 |
| Proto-Kam–Sui | 4 |
| Dong–Shui languages | 2 |
| Kam branch of Kam–Sui | 1 |
| Kam-Sui languages | 1 |
| Kam–Sui branch of Kra–Dai | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2356908 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kam–Sui languages Context triple: [Tai–Kadai languages, hasSubfamily, Kam–Sui languages]
-
A.
Kuki-Chin languages
Kuki-Chin languages are a subgroup of the Sino-Tibetan language family spoken primarily in northeastern India, Myanmar, and Bangladesh by various Kuki, Chin, and related ethnic communities.
-
B.
Chamic languages
The Chamic languages are a branch of the Austronesian language family spoken primarily in mainland Southeast Asia and parts of Indonesia, notable for heavy contact influence from neighboring Austroasiatic and Tai-Kadai languages.
-
C.
Wintuan languages
Wintuan languages are a small family of Native American languages historically spoken in northern California, often grouped within the proposed Penutian phylum.
-
D.
Tai–Kadai languages
The Tai–Kadai languages are a major language family of Southeast Asia that includes Thai, Lao, and related languages spoken across mainland and parts of southern China.
-
E.
Tani languages
The Tani languages are a subgroup of the Sino-Tibetan language family spoken primarily in Arunachal Pradesh and adjoining regions of Northeast India by various indigenous communities.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kam–Sui languages Target entity description: The Kam–Sui languages are a branch of the Tai–Kadai language family spoken primarily in southern China, including languages such as Kam (Dong) and Sui.
-
A.
Kuki-Chin languages
Kuki-Chin languages are a subgroup of the Sino-Tibetan language family spoken primarily in northeastern India, Myanmar, and Bangladesh by various Kuki, Chin, and related ethnic communities.
-
B.
Chamic languages
The Chamic languages are a branch of the Austronesian language family spoken primarily in mainland Southeast Asia and parts of Indonesia, notable for heavy contact influence from neighboring Austroasiatic and Tai-Kadai languages.
-
C.
Wintuan languages
Wintuan languages are a small family of Native American languages historically spoken in northern California, often grouped within the proposed Penutian phylum.
-
D.
Tai–Kadai languages
The Tai–Kadai languages are a major language family of Southeast Asia that includes Thai, Lao, and related languages spoken across mainland and parts of southern China.
-
E.
Tani languages
The Tani languages are a subgroup of the Sino-Tibetan language family spoken primarily in Arunachal Pradesh and adjoining regions of Northeast India by various indigenous communities.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Kam–Sui
ⓘ
language family branch ⓘ |
| areEndangered | many member languages are endangered ⓘ |
| areRecognizedBy | Chinese government as minority languages ⓘ |
| geographicDistribution |
Laos
ⓘ
northern Vietnam ⓘ southern China ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
Dong–Shui
ⓘ
Dong–Shui languages ⓘ
linked to:
Kam–Sui languages
Dong–Sui branch ⓘ |
| hasMajorLanguage |
Kam language
ⓘ
Sui language ⓘ |
| hasMemberLanguage |
Ai-Cham language
ⓘ
Cao Miao language ⓘ Chamicuro (Kam–Sui) language ⓘ Dong language ⓘ
linked to:
Maonan language
Kam language ⓘ Lakkia language ⓘ Mak language ⓘ Maonan language ⓘ Mulao language ⓘ Mulao–Maonan languages ⓘ
linked to:
Mulao language
Paqyue language ⓘ Sanqiao language ⓘ Shui language ⓘ Sui language ⓘ Then language ⓘ Yanghuang language ⓘ |
| languageFamily | Tai–Kadai languages ⓘ |
| primaryEthnicGroups |
Kam people
ⓘ
Maonan people ⓘ Mulao people ⓘ Sui people ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Hlai languages
ⓘ
Kra languages ⓘ Tai languages ⓘ |
| spokenIn |
China
ⓘ
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region ⓘ
linked to:
Guangxi Province
Guizhou Province ⓘ Hunan Province ⓘ Laos ⓘ Vietnam ⓘ
linked to:
Viet Nam
Yunnan Province ⓘ southern China ⓘ |
| subfamilyOf | Tai–Kadai languages ⓘ |
| typologicalFeature |
SVO word order
ⓘ
isolating morphology ⓘ tonal languages ⓘ |
| writingSystemsUsed |
Chinese characters (for some languages)
ⓘ
Latin-based orthographies (for some languages) ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Kam–Sui languages Description of subject: The Kam–Sui languages are a branch of the Tai–Kadai language family spoken primarily in southern China, including languages such as Kam (Dong) and Sui.
Referenced by (38)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Kam–Sui languages
linked to: Kam–Sui languages
subject linked to:
Kam
linked to: Kam–Sui languages
linked to: Kam–Sui languages
linked to: Kam–Sui languages
linked to: Kam–Sui languages
linked to: Kam–Sui languages
subject linked to:
Southern Kam (South Dong)
subject linked to:
Southern Kam (South Dong)
subject linked to:
Southern Kam (South Dong)
linked to: Kam–Sui languages
linked to: Kam–Sui languages