liar paradox
E13608
The liar paradox is a classic self-referential logical puzzle arising from sentences that declare their own falsehood, leading to a contradiction about whether they are true or false.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Liar paradox | 8 |
| liar paradox canonical | 5 |
| the Liar Paradox | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T124576 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: liar paradox Context triple: [Russell’s paradox, relatedTo, liar paradox]
-
A.
Russell’s paradox
Russell’s paradox is a foundational logical contradiction in naive set theory that reveals problems with sets that contain themselves, leading to major developments in modern logic and the axiomatization of set theory.
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B.
Lie
Lie is a Norwegian surname most notably borne by Trygve Lie, the first Secretary-General of the United Nations.
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C.
On Contradiction
"On Contradiction" is a 1937 philosophical essay by Mao Zedong that systematically applies and develops Marxist dialectical materialism to analyze the nature and role of contradictions in social and historical processes.
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D.
Statue of Three Lies
The Statue of Three Lies is the famous bronze monument in Harvard Yard whose inscription contains three historical inaccuracies, making it a well-known campus curiosity and tourist attraction.
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E.
Lee
Lee is a given name shared by numerous individuals across different cultures and professions.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: liar paradox Target entity description: The liar paradox is a classic self-referential logical puzzle arising from sentences that declare their own falsehood, leading to a contradiction about whether they are true or false.
-
A.
Russell’s paradox
Russell’s paradox is a foundational logical contradiction in naive set theory that reveals problems with sets that contain themselves, leading to major developments in modern logic and the axiomatization of set theory.
-
B.
Lie
Lie is a Norwegian surname most notably borne by Trygve Lie, the first Secretary-General of the United Nations.
-
C.
On Contradiction
"On Contradiction" is a 1937 philosophical essay by Mao Zedong that systematically applies and develops Marxist dialectical materialism to analyze the nature and role of contradictions in social and historical processes.
-
D.
Statue of Three Lies
The Statue of Three Lies is the famous bronze monument in Harvard Yard whose inscription contains three historical inaccuracies, making it a well-known campus curiosity and tourist attraction.
-
E.
Lee
Lee is a given name shared by numerous individuals across different cultures and professions.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
logical paradox
ⓘ
philosophical problem ⓘ self-referential paradox ⓘ semantic paradox ⓘ |
| addressedBy |
Kripke fixed-point theory of truth
ⓘ
Tarskian object-language/metalanguage distinction ⓘ contextualist approaches to truth ⓘ deflationary theories of truth ⓘ hierarchical theories of truth ⓘ paraconsistent logics ⓘ three-valued logics ⓘ |
| coreFeature |
self-reference
ⓘ
semantic circularity ⓘ truth-value contradiction ⓘ |
| difficulty | cannot be consistently assigned a classical truth value ⓘ |
| field |
mathematical logic
ⓘ
philosophy of language ⓘ philosophy of logic ⓘ |
| hasFormulation |
I am lying.
ⓘ
This sentence is false. ⓘ |
| hasVariant |
Yablo's paradox
ⓘ
revenge liar paradoxes ⓘ strengthened liar paradox ⓘ |
| historicalAttribution |
Epimenides of Crete
ⓘ
Eubulides of Miletus ⓘ |
| involvesConcept |
bivalence
ⓘ
falsity ⓘ self-reference in language ⓘ semantic closure ⓘ truth ⓘ |
| leadsTo |
apparent inconsistency in naive truth theory
ⓘ
violation of classical bivalent semantics ⓘ |
| logicalForm | sentence that asserts its own falsity ⓘ |
| motivates |
formal theories of truth
ⓘ
non-classical logics ⓘ restrictions on self-reference ⓘ |
| problemStatement | If the liar sentence is true, then it is false; if it is false, then it is true. ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Berry paradox
ⓘ
Curry paradox ⓘ Epimenides paradox ⓘ Grelling–Nelson paradox ⓘ Gödel's incompleteness theorems ⓘ Russell’s paradox ⓘ
surface form:
Russell's paradox
Tarski's undefinability theorem ⓘ |
| statusInLogic | central test case for theories of truth and meaning ⓘ |
| studiedBy |
Alfred Tarski
ⓘ
Graham Priest ⓘ Kurt Gödel ⓘ Saul Kripke ⓘ Stephen Yablo ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: liar paradox Description of subject: The liar paradox is a classic self-referential logical puzzle arising from sentences that declare their own falsehood, leading to a contradiction about whether they are true or false.
Referenced by (14)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Liar paradox
this entity surface form:
Liar paradox
this entity surface form:
Liar paradox
this entity surface form:
Liar paradox
this entity surface form:
Liar paradox
this entity surface form:
Liar paradox
this entity surface form:
Liar paradox
this entity surface form:
the Liar Paradox
this entity surface form:
Liar paradox