Hokan languages
E11435
Hokan languages are a proposed but controversial grouping of several Native American language families of the western United States and Mexico that share certain typological and lexical similarities.
All labels observed (10)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T111633 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Hokan languages Context triple: [Yuman language family, subclassOf, Hokan languages]
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A.
Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages are a large family of Indigenous languages of North America historically spoken from the Atlantic Coast to the Great Plains, including well-known languages such as Ojibwe, Cree, and Wampanoag.
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B.
Tlingit
Tlingit is an Indigenous language of the Pacific Northwest Coast, traditionally spoken by the Tlingit people of southeastern Alaska and western Canada.
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C.
Nuristani languages
Nuristani languages are a small, distinct group of Indo-Iranian languages spoken primarily in the remote Nuristan region of eastern Afghanistan.
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D.
Tocharian languages
The Tocharian languages were an extinct branch of the Indo-European family once spoken in the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, known from early medieval manuscripts and notable for their archaic linguistic features.
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E.
Austronesian languages
Austronesian languages are a large and widely dispersed language family spoken across maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the Pacific Islands, and parts of mainland Asia.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Hokan languages Target entity description: Hokan languages are a proposed but controversial grouping of several Native American language families of the western United States and Mexico that share certain typological and lexical similarities.
-
A.
Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages are a large family of Indigenous languages of North America historically spoken from the Atlantic Coast to the Great Plains, including well-known languages such as Ojibwe, Cree, and Wampanoag.
-
B.
Tlingit
Tlingit is an Indigenous language of the Pacific Northwest Coast, traditionally spoken by the Tlingit people of southeastern Alaska and western Canada.
-
C.
Nuristani languages
Nuristani languages are a small, distinct group of Indo-Iranian languages spoken primarily in the remote Nuristan region of eastern Afghanistan.
-
D.
Tocharian languages
The Tocharian languages were an extinct branch of the Indo-European family once spoken in the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, known from early medieval manuscripts and notable for their archaic linguistic features.
-
E.
Austronesian languages
Austronesian languages are a large and widely dispersed language family spoken across maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the Pacific Islands, and parts of mainland Asia.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
hypothetical language family
ⓘ
linguistic hypothesis ⓘ proposed language macrofamily ⓘ |
| basisOfGrouping |
phonological similarities
ⓘ
shared lexical items ⓘ shared morphological patterns ⓘ |
| continent | North America ⓘ |
| documentationStatus | many member languages extinct or endangered ⓘ |
| fieldOfStudy |
Native American linguistics
ⓘ
historical linguistics ⓘ |
| hasCharacteristic |
lexical similarities among member languages
ⓘ
typological similarities among member languages ⓘ |
| hasIssue |
insufficient regular sound correspondences demonstrated
ⓘ
lack of consensus on membership of families ⓘ possible influence of language contact ⓘ |
| hasSubgroup |
California Hokan
ⓘ
Hokan languages self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Northern Hokan
Hokan languages self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Southern Hokan
|
| includes |
Chimariko language
ⓘ
Coahuiltecan languages ⓘ Esselen language ⓘ Karuk language ⓘ Miwok languages ⓘ
surface form:
Pomoan languages
Salinan language ⓘ Seri language ⓘ Shasta language ⓘ Tequistlatecan languages ⓘ Washo language ⓘ Yana language ⓘ Yokutsan languages ⓘ Yuman language family ⓘ
surface form:
Yuman languages
|
| namedAfter | word for two in several proposed member languages ⓘ |
| proposalDate | early 20th century ⓘ |
| proposedBy |
Alfred L. Kroeber
ⓘ
Roland B. Dixon ⓘ |
| region |
Mexico
ⓘ
western United States ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Amerind hypothesis
ⓘ
Penutian languages ⓘ |
| spokenIn |
Arizona
ⓘ
Baja California ⓘ California, United States ⓘ
surface form:
California
Oregon ⓘ northwestern Mexico ⓘ |
| status |
controversial
ⓘ
not widely accepted by historical linguists ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
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You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Hokan languages Description of subject: Hokan languages are a proposed but controversial grouping of several Native American language families of the western United States and Mexico that share certain typological and lexical similarities.
Referenced by (37)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.