|
gptkbp:instance_of
|
gptkb:chemical_compound
|
|
gptkbp:appearance
|
silvery metallic
|
|
gptkbp:application
|
gptkb:medical_research
nuclear reactors
neutron sources
radiography
used in scientific studies
used in studies of actinides
|
|
gptkbp:availability
|
limited
synthetic
|
|
gptkbp:casnumber
|
7440-40-6
|
|
gptkbp:category
|
actinide
|
|
gptkbp:chemical_formula
|
not applicable
|
|
gptkbp:color
|
gptkb:silver
silvery
silvery metallic
|
|
gptkbp:commissioned
|
gptkb:1949
by bombarding americium with neutrons
|
|
gptkbp:composed_by
|
neutron bombardment
ion bombardment
|
|
gptkbp:composed_of
|
similar to other actinides
|
|
gptkbp:contains_allergens
|
none known
|
|
gptkbp:cooling_system
|
poor
12 W/(m· K)
0.12 J/(g· K)
|
|
gptkbp:discovered_by
|
gptkb:Glenn_T._Seaborg
|
|
gptkbp:discovery
|
gptkb:University_of_California,_Berkeley
neutron bombardment
Glenn T. Seaborg, Albert Ghiorso, and Emilio Segrè
|
|
gptkbp:discovery_year
|
gptkb:1949
|
|
gptkbp:dissolved
|
low
soluble in acids
|
|
gptkbp:ecological_role
|
none known
|
|
gptkbp:electronegativity
|
1.3 (Pauling scale)
[ Rn] 5f^97s^2
|
|
gptkbp:environmental_impact
|
radioactive waste
minimal due to rarity
|
|
gptkbp:financial_stability
|
unstable isotopes
|
|
gptkbp:first_isolation
|
1950s
|
|
gptkbp:handling_requirements
|
lead shielding recommended
|
|
gptkbp:has_field
|
paramagnetic
|
|
https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
|
Berkelium
|
|
gptkbp:international_relations
|
fissile material
used in neutron sources
used in nuclear research
|
|
gptkbp:is_set_in
|
gptkb:californium
gptkb:Californium
gptkb:americium
gptkb:neptunium
uranium
plutonium
thorium
|
|
gptkbp:isotopes
|
gptkb:Californium-251
gptkb:true
gptkb:Curium-243
97
yes
Bk-247
several known
|
|
gptkbp:lifespan
|
1380 days (Bk-247)
1380 years
1380 years (Bk-247)
|
|
gptkbp:market_position
|
limited
|
|
gptkbp:material
|
can form with other actinides
used in some nuclear applications
|
|
gptkbp:melting_point
|
2627 ° C
986 ° C
|
|
gptkbp:members
|
f-block
|
|
gptkbp:named_after
|
gptkb:Berkeley,_California
|
|
gptkbp:neutron_absorption
|
high
|
|
gptkbp:notable_compounds
|
berkelium chloride
|
|
gptkbp:occurs_in
|
synthetic
|
|
gptkbp:origin
|
gptkb:Berkeley,_California
|
|
gptkbp:origin_of_name
|
gptkb:Berkley,_California
|
|
gptkbp:oxidation_states
|
+3, +4
|
|
gptkbp:period
|
gptkb:7
|
|
gptkbp:population_density
|
14.78 g/cm³
|
|
gptkbp:power_source
|
6.3 e V
6.2 e V
|
|
gptkbp:price
|
high
very expensive
|
|
gptkbp:produces
|
produced in nuclear reactors
neutron bombardment of americium
|
|
gptkbp:related_products
|
berkelium oxide
|
|
gptkbp:replaces
|
1950
|
|
gptkbp:research_importance
|
important for nuclear chemistry
|
|
gptkbp:safety
|
handle with care
radioactive toxicity
handled with care
radioactive material
radioactive handling required
|
|
gptkbp:safety_features
|
radioactive material
|
|
gptkbp:safety_measures
|
lead shielding recommended
|
|
gptkbp:storage
|
cool, dry place
in inert atmosphere
|
|
gptkbp:structure
|
face-centered cubic
|
|
gptkbp:symbol
|
Bk
|
|
gptkbp:uses
|
gptkb:research
|
|
gptkbp:was_a_response_to
|
reacts with halogens
reacts with acids
forms salts
forms oxides
reacts with oxygen
oxidizes in air
|
|
gptkbp:waste_management
|
radioactive waste management
regulated as hazardous waste
|
|
gptkbp:bfsParent
|
gptkb:Periodic_Table_of_Elements
gptkb:Agent_Berkelium
|
|
gptkbp:bfsLayer
|
7
|