| 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:instanceOf
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:language
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:dialect
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:alsoKnownAs
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Black_English
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:African_American_Vernacular_English
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Ebonics
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:AAVE
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:debatedBy
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:public_policy
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            standard English
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            linguistic discrimination
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:distinctiveFeature
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:dictionary
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:syntax
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:phonology
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            intonation
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:firstDescribed
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            early 20th century
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:hasSubvariety
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Louisiana_Creole
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Gullah
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            African American Standard English
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:influencedBy
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Creole_languages
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:West_African_languages
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Southern_American_English
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:ISO639-3
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            aae
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:languageFamily
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Anglic
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Germanic
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Indo-European
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:West_Germanic
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Anglo-Frisian
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            English
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:originatedIn
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Southern_United_States
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:recognizedBy
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Linguistic_Society_of_America
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:region
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:United_States
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:spokenIn
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:African-American
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Midwestern_United_States
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Western_United_States
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Northern_United_States
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            urban areas
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            rural areas
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:studiedBy
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:John_R._Rickford
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:William_Labov
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Walt_Wolfram
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:subjectOf
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Oakland_Ebonics_controversy
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            sociolinguistic research
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            debates on language and identity
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:usedIn
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:literature
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:music
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            popular culture
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:writingSystem
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Latin_alphabet
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:bfsParent
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            gptkb:Black_American_Sign_Language
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        gptkbp:bfsLayer
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            6
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 | 
                            
                        
                            
                                | 
                                    
                                        https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
                                    
                                 | 
                                
                                    
                                        
                                            
                                            African American English
                                        
                                        
                                         
                                    
                                 |