Triple

T9956399
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Battle of Herdonia (212 BC) E195456 entity
Predicate opponentCommander P1698 FINISHED
Object Roman commander Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus
Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus was a Roman Republican commander and consul during the Second Punic War, known for suffering a major defeat against Hannibal at the Battle of Herdonia in 212 BC.
E833443 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Roman commander Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus | Statement: [Battle of Herdonia (212 BC), opponentCommander, Roman commander Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Roman commander Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus
Context triple: [Battle of Herdonia (212 BC), opponentCommander, Roman commander Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus]
  • A. Roman commander Marcus Centenius Penula
    Marcus Centenius Penula was a Roman military commander of the Second Punic War, known for leading a volunteer force that was decisively defeated by Hannibal at the Battle of the Silarus.
  • B. Servilius Caepio
    Servilius Caepio was a Roman nobleman of the late Republic, a member of the influential Servilius Caepio family and part of the broader senatorial aristocracy connected to figures like Cato the Younger.
  • C. Gnaeus Manlius Vulso
    Gnaeus Manlius Vulso was a Roman consul and general of the 2nd century BC, best known for leading a successful campaign in Asia Minor that expanded Roman influence in the region.
  • D. Publius Ostorius Scapula
    Publius Ostorius Scapula was a 1st-century Roman senator and general who, as governor of Britain under Emperor Claudius, led major campaigns to consolidate Roman control over the province.
  • E. Quintus Lutatius Catulus
    Quintus Lutatius Catulus was a prominent late Roman Republic statesman and general, known for his conservative politics, rivalry with Gaius Marius, and role in the Social and civil wars.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Roman commander Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus
Triple: [Battle of Herdonia (212 BC), opponentCommander, Roman commander Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus]
Generated description
Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus was a Roman Republican commander and consul during the Second Punic War, known for suffering a major defeat against Hannibal at the Battle of Herdonia in 212 BC.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Roman commander Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus
Target entity description: Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus was a Roman Republican commander and consul during the Second Punic War, known for suffering a major defeat against Hannibal at the Battle of Herdonia in 212 BC.
  • A. Roman commander Marcus Centenius Penula
    Marcus Centenius Penula was a Roman military commander of the Second Punic War, known for leading a volunteer force that was decisively defeated by Hannibal at the Battle of the Silarus.
  • B. Servilius Caepio
    Servilius Caepio was a Roman nobleman of the late Republic, a member of the influential Servilius Caepio family and part of the broader senatorial aristocracy connected to figures like Cato the Younger.
  • C. Gnaeus Manlius Vulso
    Gnaeus Manlius Vulso was a Roman consul and general of the 2nd century BC, best known for leading a successful campaign in Asia Minor that expanded Roman influence in the region.
  • D. Publius Ostorius Scapula
    Publius Ostorius Scapula was a 1st-century Roman senator and general who, as governor of Britain under Emperor Claudius, led major campaigns to consolidate Roman control over the province.
  • E. Quintus Lutatius Catulus
    Quintus Lutatius Catulus was a prominent late Roman Republic statesman and general, known for his conservative politics, rivalry with Gaius Marius, and role in the Social and civil wars.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca82eaaa008190a54fa1a9f954b9ad completed March 30, 2026, 2:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cdb6976b50819097a0ae347354e92c completed April 2, 2026, 12:21 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d257aa73d4819081f77f8386449905 completed April 5, 2026, 12:38 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d25889b0f08190a28c5401417fe3cc completed April 5, 2026, 12:41 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d25977ab988190969ed8ff8eb53ddd completed April 5, 2026, 12:45 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:46 p.m.