Triple

T990137
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Hermann Weyl E21368 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Weyl’s gauge theory
Weyl’s gauge theory is an early 20th-century theoretical framework that introduced the concept of local gauge invariance, laying foundational ideas for modern gauge theories in particle physics.
E117659 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Weyl’s gauge theory | Statement: [Hermann Weyl, knownFor, Weyl’s gauge theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Weyl’s gauge theory
Context triple: [Hermann Weyl, knownFor, Weyl’s gauge theory]
  • A. Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED
    Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED is a landmark theoretical result that rigorously demonstrated the mathematical consistency and mutual compatibility of different approaches to quantum electrodynamics.
  • B. Einstein–Maxwell equations
    The Einstein–Maxwell equations are the coupled set of field equations in general relativity that describe how spacetime curvature and electromagnetic fields interact and influence each other.
  • C. Wigner’s theorem on symmetry transformations
    Wigner’s theorem on symmetry transformations is a fundamental result in quantum mechanics stating that any symmetry of transition probabilities is represented by either a unitary or antiunitary operator on the system’s Hilbert space.
  • D. Salam–Weinberg model
    The Salam–Weinberg model is the electroweak theory that unifies the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces within the Standard Model of particle physics.
  • E. Faddeev’s axioms
    Faddeev’s axioms are a set of conditions characterizing Shannon entropy in information theory, providing an alternative but equivalent axiomatization to the Shannon–Khinchin framework.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Weyl’s gauge theory
Triple: [Hermann Weyl, knownFor, Weyl’s gauge theory]
Generated description
Weyl’s gauge theory is an early 20th-century theoretical framework that introduced the concept of local gauge invariance, laying foundational ideas for modern gauge theories in particle physics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Weyl’s gauge theory
Target entity description: Weyl’s gauge theory is an early 20th-century theoretical framework that introduced the concept of local gauge invariance, laying foundational ideas for modern gauge theories in particle physics.
  • A. Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED
    Dyson’s proof of equivalence of Feynman and Schwinger–Tomonaga formulations of QED is a landmark theoretical result that rigorously demonstrated the mathematical consistency and mutual compatibility of different approaches to quantum electrodynamics.
  • B. Einstein–Maxwell equations
    The Einstein–Maxwell equations are the coupled set of field equations in general relativity that describe how spacetime curvature and electromagnetic fields interact and influence each other.
  • C. Wigner’s theorem on symmetry transformations
    Wigner’s theorem on symmetry transformations is a fundamental result in quantum mechanics stating that any symmetry of transition probabilities is represented by either a unitary or antiunitary operator on the system’s Hilbert space.
  • D. Salam–Weinberg model
    The Salam–Weinberg model is the electroweak theory that unifies the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces within the Standard Model of particle physics.
  • E. Faddeev’s axioms
    Faddeev’s axioms are a set of conditions characterizing Shannon entropy in information theory, providing an alternative but equivalent axiomatization to the Shannon–Khinchin framework.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a493c383dc8190a03257f22d4b4183 completed March 1, 2026, 7:30 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4b4ac27e081908f132115464667b2 completed March 1, 2026, 9:50 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ac258d9f4c8190b285455410b30575 completed March 7, 2026, 1:18 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ac267e4fa08190895fa6809d0decb8 completed March 7, 2026, 1:22 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ac271c8ad081909c1f1629e0793c40 completed March 7, 2026, 1:24 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:41 p.m.