Triple
T9607503
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action) |
E232007
|
entity |
| Predicate | separateFrom |
P1611
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action
Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action is an opinion in which he agreed with the Court’s judgment upholding Michigan’s ban on affirmative action while emphasizing deference to the democratic process rather than endorsing a broad rejection of race-conscious admissions.
|
E811279
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action | Statement: [Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action), separateFrom, Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action Context triple: [Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action), separateFrom, Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action]
-
A.
Chief Justice John Roberts’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action
Chief Justice John Roberts’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action is a Supreme Court opinion emphasizing judicial restraint and the legitimacy of voter decisions to prohibit race-based affirmative action policies in public education.
-
B.
Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action)
Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action) is Justice Sonia Sotomayor’s powerful Supreme Court dissent criticizing a Michigan constitutional amendment that banned race-conscious admissions policies in public universities.
-
C.
Michigan constitutional amendment banning race-based preferences in public education
The Michigan constitutional amendment banning race-based preferences in public education is a voter-approved change to the state constitution that prohibits public universities and schools from considering race in admissions and related decisions, effectively ending affirmative action in those institutions.
-
D.
Grutter v. Bollinger
Grutter v. Bollinger is a landmark 2003 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the limited use of race as one factor in holistic law school admissions to promote educational diversity.
-
E.
Gratz v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger is a 2003 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down the University of Michigan’s undergraduate affirmative action admissions policy as violating the Equal Protection Clause by awarding automatic points based on race.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action Triple: [Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action), separateFrom, Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action]
Generated description
Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action is an opinion in which he agreed with the Court’s judgment upholding Michigan’s ban on affirmative action while emphasizing deference to the democratic process rather than endorsing a broad rejection of race-conscious admissions.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action Target entity description: Justice Stephen Breyer’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action is an opinion in which he agreed with the Court’s judgment upholding Michigan’s ban on affirmative action while emphasizing deference to the democratic process rather than endorsing a broad rejection of race-conscious admissions.
-
A.
Chief Justice John Roberts’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action
Chief Justice John Roberts’s concurrence in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action is a Supreme Court opinion emphasizing judicial restraint and the legitimacy of voter decisions to prohibit race-based affirmative action policies in public education.
-
B.
Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action)
Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action) is Justice Sonia Sotomayor’s powerful Supreme Court dissent criticizing a Michigan constitutional amendment that banned race-conscious admissions policies in public universities.
-
C.
Michigan constitutional amendment banning race-based preferences in public education
The Michigan constitutional amendment banning race-based preferences in public education is a voter-approved change to the state constitution that prohibits public universities and schools from considering race in admissions and related decisions, effectively ending affirmative action in those institutions.
-
D.
Grutter v. Bollinger
Grutter v. Bollinger is a landmark 2003 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the limited use of race as one factor in holistic law school admissions to promote educational diversity.
-
E.
Gratz v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger is a 2003 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down the University of Michigan’s undergraduate affirmative action admissions policy as violating the Equal Protection Clause by awarding automatic points based on race.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca8485a90c819094fe40b42fde9d70 |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:11 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cd9a62372881908bf21be91e7285fb |
completed | April 1, 2026, 10:21 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69d18220a2308190aac7380c98f23965 |
completed | April 4, 2026, 9:26 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69d182db3ef481908a7e588aa35a7a3f |
completed | April 4, 2026, 9:30 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69d183481f488190ab63f0bde2d5c6fc |
completed | April 4, 2026, 9:31 p.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:08 p.m.