Triple

T9604499
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Lucius Iulius Aurelius Septimius Vaballathus Athenodorus E231934 entity
Predicate titleUsed P29608 FINISHED
Object dux Romanorum
Dux Romanorum was a Roman military and political title denoting a commander of Roman forces, particularly associated with frontier or regional leadership in the later Roman Empire.
E810718 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: dux Romanorum | Statement: [Lucius Iulius Aurelius Septimius Vaballathus Athenodorus, titleUsed, dux Romanorum]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: dux Romanorum
Context triple: [Lucius Iulius Aurelius Septimius Vaballathus Athenodorus, titleUsed, dux Romanorum]
  • A. Rromani
    Rromani refers to the Roma people, an ethnic group of traditionally itinerant communities with origins in the Indian subcontinent and a widespread presence across Europe and beyond.
  • B. Divodurum Mediomatricorum
    Divodurum Mediomatricorum was the Roman-era city that later became Metz, an important urban and military center in the province of Gallia Belgica.
  • C. Historia Romana
    Historia Romana is a comprehensive history of Rome written by the ancient Greek historian Appian, covering Rome’s rise and major wars from its early days through the imperial period.
  • D. Historia Romana
    Historia Romana is Cassius Dio’s extensive history of Rome, covering its development from legendary origins through the early third century CE.
  • E. De militia Romana
    De militia Romana is a scholarly work by Justus Lipsius that reconstructs and analyzes the organization, tactics, and discipline of the ancient Roman military.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: dux Romanorum
Triple: [Lucius Iulius Aurelius Septimius Vaballathus Athenodorus, titleUsed, dux Romanorum]
Generated description
Dux Romanorum was a Roman military and political title denoting a commander of Roman forces, particularly associated with frontier or regional leadership in the later Roman Empire.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: dux Romanorum
Target entity description: Dux Romanorum was a Roman military and political title denoting a commander of Roman forces, particularly associated with frontier or regional leadership in the later Roman Empire.
  • A. Rex Francorum orientalium
    Rex Francorum orientalium is the Latin royal title historically used for the East Frankish (early German) kings, such as Henry the Fowler.
  • B. Rromani
    Rromani refers to the Roma people, an ethnic group of traditionally itinerant communities with origins in the Indian subcontinent and a widespread presence across Europe and beyond.
  • C. Divodurum Mediomatricorum
    Divodurum Mediomatricorum was the Roman-era city that later became Metz, an important urban and military center in the province of Gallia Belgica.
  • D. Historia Romana
    Historia Romana is Cassius Dio’s extensive history of Rome, covering its development from legendary origins through the early third century CE.
  • E. Historia Romana
    Historia Romana is a comprehensive history of Rome written by the ancient Greek historian Appian, covering Rome’s rise and major wars from its early days through the imperial period.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca8484838c8190b2049199d22fef70 completed March 30, 2026, 2:11 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cd9a5e4a7c8190830b5ad9762ece46 completed April 1, 2026, 10:21 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d179328de48190832f326462a914d5 completed April 4, 2026, 8:48 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d17bae827881909f62672c92e8788e completed April 4, 2026, 8:59 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d17c8d88d88190882f5ef2a47b4733 completed April 4, 2026, 9:03 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:08 p.m.