Triple

T9303567
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Emmanuel Saez E223825 entity
Predicate coAuthor P398 FINISHED
Object Gabriel Zucman
Gabriel Zucman is a French economist known for his influential research on wealth inequality, tax havens, and the measurement of global financial secrecy.
E791037 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gabriel Zucman | Statement: [Emmanuel Saez, coAuthor, Gabriel Zucman]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gabriel Zucman
Context triple: [Emmanuel Saez, coAuthor, Gabriel Zucman]
  • A. Emmanuel Saez
    Emmanuel Saez is a French-American economist renowned for his influential research on income and wealth inequality and optimal taxation policy.
  • B. Thomas Piketty
    Thomas Piketty is a French economist renowned for his influential work on income and wealth inequality, particularly through his book "Capital in the Twenty-First Century."
  • C. Stefano Zamagni
    Stefano Zamagni is an Italian economist and academic known for his work in civil economy and social ethics, who has held prominent roles in Vatican-related social science institutions.
  • D. Loïc Wacquant
    Loïc Wacquant is a French sociologist and social theorist known for his work on urban marginality, the penal state, and the body, often combining ethnography with critical theory.
  • E. John Tomasi
    John Tomasi is an American political philosopher known for his work on the intersection of classical liberalism and theories of justice, particularly in his book "Free Market Fairness."
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Gabriel Zucman
Triple: [Emmanuel Saez, coAuthor, Gabriel Zucman]
Generated description
Gabriel Zucman is a French economist known for his influential research on wealth inequality, tax havens, and the measurement of global financial secrecy.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gabriel Zucman
Target entity description: Gabriel Zucman is a French economist known for his influential research on wealth inequality, tax havens, and the measurement of global financial secrecy.
  • A. Emmanuel Saez
    Emmanuel Saez is a French-American economist renowned for his influential research on income and wealth inequality and optimal taxation policy.
  • B. Thomas Piketty
    Thomas Piketty is a French economist renowned for his influential work on income and wealth inequality, particularly through his book "Capital in the Twenty-First Century."
  • C. Stefano Zamagni
    Stefano Zamagni is an Italian economist and academic known for his work in civil economy and social ethics, who has held prominent roles in Vatican-related social science institutions.
  • D. Loïc Wacquant
    Loïc Wacquant is a French sociologist and social theorist known for his work on urban marginality, the penal state, and the body, often combining ethnography with critical theory.
  • E. John Tomasi
    John Tomasi is an American political philosopher known for his work on the intersection of classical liberalism and theories of justice, particularly in his book "Free Market Fairness."
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca8424d0f08190831e2e93c6533aeb completed March 30, 2026, 2:09 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cd08d4c5e48190aa8c744a158e5fbb completed April 1, 2026, noon
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d0c77b8bf481909c5abf6523f75b2c completed April 4, 2026, 8:10 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d0c850d65c8190b2bf5da194466dd7 completed April 4, 2026, 8:14 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d0ca3b77e081908fdcc1aafaf2344a completed April 4, 2026, 8:22 a.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 7:36 p.m.