Triple

T9303502
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Steven Levitt E223824 entity
Predicate coAuthor P398 FINISHED
Object Stephen J. Dubner
Stephen J. Dubner is an American author, journalist, and podcast host best known for co-creating the Freakonomics franchise.
 E790048 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Stephen J. Dubner | Statement: [Steven Levitt, coAuthor, Stephen J. Dubner]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Stephen J. Dubner
Context triple: [Steven Levitt, coAuthor, Stephen J. Dubner]
  • A. John Stossel
    John Stossel is an American television journalist and commentator known for his libertarian-leaning consumer and investigative reporting.
  • B. David Wessel
    David Wessel was an American composer, researcher, and pioneer in computer music and real-time digital sound synthesis, known for his influential work at IRCAM and UC Berkeley’s CNMAT.
  • C. Malcolm Gladwell
    Malcolm Gladwell is a Canadian journalist and bestselling author known for his influential nonfiction books on psychology, sociology, and human behavior, including "The Tipping Point," "Blink," and "Outliers."
  • D. Michael Lewis
    Michael Lewis is an American musician best known as a multi-instrumentalist and saxophonist active in indie rock and jazz-influenced projects.
  • E. Michael Lewis
    Michael Lewis is an American non-fiction author and financial journalist best known for his narrative books on business, economics, and sports, including "Moneyball," "The Big Short," and "Liar's Poker."
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Stephen J. Dubner
Triple: [Steven Levitt, coAuthor, Stephen J. Dubner]
Generated description
Stephen J. Dubner is an American author, journalist, and podcast host best known for co-creating the Freakonomics franchise.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Stephen J. Dubner
Target entity description: Stephen J. Dubner is an American author, journalist, and podcast host best known for co-creating the Freakonomics franchise.
  • A. John Stossel
    John Stossel is an American television journalist and commentator known for his libertarian-leaning consumer and investigative reporting.
  • B. David Wessel
    David Wessel was an American composer, researcher, and pioneer in computer music and real-time digital sound synthesis, known for his influential work at IRCAM and UC Berkeley’s CNMAT.
  • C. Malcolm Gladwell
    Malcolm Gladwell is a Canadian journalist and bestselling author known for his influential nonfiction books on psychology, sociology, and human behavior, including "The Tipping Point," "Blink," and "Outliers."
  • D. Michael Lewis
    Michael Lewis is an American musician best known as a multi-instrumentalist and saxophonist active in indie rock and jazz-influenced projects.
  • E. Michael Lewis
    Michael Lewis is an American non-fiction author and financial journalist best known for his narrative books on business, economics, and sports, including "Moneyball," "The Big Short," and "Liar's Poker."
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca8424d0f08190831e2e93c6533aeb completed March 30, 2026, 2:09 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cd08d4c5e48190aa8c744a158e5fbb completed April 1, 2026, noon
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d0b26ae3c881909e88f0253e73f0ea completed April 4, 2026, 6:40 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d0b3ba0bd88190873816ec7e7929a7 completed April 4, 2026, 6:46 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d0b49ec4c88190a48909e7022d7e60 completed April 4, 2026, 6:50 a.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 7:36 p.m.