Triple

T8657123
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Ronald L. Graham E205446 entity
Predicate coAuthor P398 FINISHED
Object Joel H. Spencer
Joel H. Spencer is an American mathematician known for his pioneering work in probabilistic methods in combinatorics and discrete mathematics.
 E751987 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Joel H. Spencer | Statement: [Ronald L. Graham, coAuthor, Joel H. Spencer]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Joel H. Spencer
Context triple: [Ronald L. Graham, coAuthor, Joel H. Spencer]
  • A. Richard Lipton
    Richard Lipton is an American computer scientist known for his influential work in theoretical computer science and cryptography, including contributions to complexity theory and algorithm design.
  • B. Michael Lehmann
    Michael Lehmann is an American film and television director best known for the dark comedy "Heathers" and various other Hollywood comedies.
  • C. Jeffrey P. Buzen
    Jeffrey P. Buzen is a computer scientist known for his foundational contributions to performance evaluation and queueing theory in computer systems.
  • D. David A. Harris
    David A. Harris is a U.S. government official who has served as the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the head of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
  • E. Ronald L. Graham
    Ronald L. Graham was an influential American mathematician known for his pioneering work in combinatorics, discrete mathematics, and computational geometry, as well as for popularizing mathematics through both research and expository writing.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Joel H. Spencer
Triple: [Ronald L. Graham, coAuthor, Joel H. Spencer]
Generated description
Joel H. Spencer is an American mathematician known for his pioneering work in probabilistic methods in combinatorics and discrete mathematics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Joel H. Spencer
Target entity description: Joel H. Spencer is an American mathematician known for his pioneering work in probabilistic methods in combinatorics and discrete mathematics.
  • A. Richard Lipton
    Richard Lipton is an American computer scientist known for his influential work in theoretical computer science and cryptography, including contributions to complexity theory and algorithm design.
  • B. Michael Lehmann
    Michael Lehmann is an American film and television director best known for the dark comedy "Heathers" and various other Hollywood comedies.
  • C. Jeffrey P. Buzen
    Jeffrey P. Buzen is a computer scientist known for his foundational contributions to performance evaluation and queueing theory in computer systems.
  • D. David A. Harris
    David A. Harris is a U.S. government official who has served as the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the head of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
  • E. Ronald L. Graham
    Ronald L. Graham was an influential American mathematician known for his pioneering work in combinatorics, discrete mathematics, and computational geometry, as well as for popularizing mathematics through both research and expository writing.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca8350897c819086cde7596fbe5fe7 completed March 30, 2026, 2:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cc484569788190aa41395854684e6f completed March 31, 2026, 10:18 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69cef373a22c8190931b4107c68e7017 completed April 2, 2026, 10:53 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69cef52000048190bc5451cfb6446ced completed April 2, 2026, 11 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69cef809df548190b4f9ecc709b3b065 completed April 2, 2026, 11:13 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 6:30 p.m.