Triple

T849353
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Roger II of Sicily E18348 entity
Predicate positionHeld P8 FINISHED
Object Duke of Apulia and Calabria
The Duke of Apulia and Calabria was a high-ranking medieval noble title in southern Italy, historically associated with Norman rulers who controlled the regions of Apulia and Calabria before and during the formation of the Kingdom of Sicily.
E99341 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Duke of Apulia and Calabria | Statement: [Roger II of Sicily, positionHeld, Duke of Apulia and Calabria]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duke of Apulia and Calabria
Context triple: [Roger II of Sicily, positionHeld, Duke of Apulia and Calabria]
  • A. Duke of Piacenza
    The Duke of Piacenza was a noble title historically associated with the Farnese family, notably held alongside the Duchy of Parma as part of a significant Italian ducal domain in the early modern period.
  • B. Viceroy of Naples
    The Viceroy of Naples was the Spanish Crown’s chief royal representative and governor in the Kingdom of Naples during the early modern period, wielding extensive political, military, and administrative authority.
  • C. Fulco Ruffo di Calabria
    Fulco Ruffo di Calabria was an Italian World War I flying ace and nobleman, noted for his distinguished combat record and aristocratic lineage.
  • D. Prince of Lucca and Piombino
    The Prince of Lucca and Piombino was a Napoleonic-era sovereign title held by members of the Bonaparte family who ruled the small Italian principalities of Lucca and Piombino.
  • E. King of Sicily
    The King of Sicily was the sovereign ruler of the Kingdom of Sicily, a historically significant Mediterranean realm that played a key role in European politics, trade, and dynastic power struggles.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Duke of Apulia and Calabria
Triple: [Roger II of Sicily, positionHeld, Duke of Apulia and Calabria]
Generated description
The Duke of Apulia and Calabria was a high-ranking medieval noble title in southern Italy, historically associated with Norman rulers who controlled the regions of Apulia and Calabria before and during the formation of the Kingdom of Sicily.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duke of Apulia and Calabria
Target entity description: The Duke of Apulia and Calabria was a high-ranking medieval noble title in southern Italy, historically associated with Norman rulers who controlled the regions of Apulia and Calabria before and during the formation of the Kingdom of Sicily.
  • A. Duke of Piacenza
    The Duke of Piacenza was a noble title historically associated with the Farnese family, notably held alongside the Duchy of Parma as part of a significant Italian ducal domain in the early modern period.
  • B. Viceroy of Naples
    The Viceroy of Naples was the Spanish Crown’s chief royal representative and governor in the Kingdom of Naples during the early modern period, wielding extensive political, military, and administrative authority.
  • C. Fulco Ruffo di Calabria
    Fulco Ruffo di Calabria was an Italian World War I flying ace and nobleman, noted for his distinguished combat record and aristocratic lineage.
  • D. Prince of Lucca and Piombino
    The Prince of Lucca and Piombino was a Napoleonic-era sovereign title held by members of the Bonaparte family who ruled the small Italian principalities of Lucca and Piombino.
  • E. King of Sicily
    The King of Sicily was the sovereign ruler of the Kingdom of Sicily, a historically significant Mediterranean realm that played a key role in European politics, trade, and dynastic power struggles.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a4938b04208190b82e1df6b572c548 completed March 1, 2026, 7:29 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4ac1fac3481909cba7070ce31a9b3 completed March 1, 2026, 9:14 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a792a0666c8190bfc9166d45b4e867 completed March 4, 2026, 2:02 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a793563cc881909381f898f240c0bd completed March 4, 2026, 2:05 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a7941add588190913198a7f7b20943 completed March 4, 2026, 2:08 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:38 p.m.