Triple
T8216934
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems |
E191955
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasKeyAlgorithm |
P54503
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Kalman filter |
E191951
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (3 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kalman filter | Statement: [A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems, hasKeyAlgorithm, Kalman filter]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kalman filter Context triple: [A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems, hasKeyAlgorithm, Kalman filter]
-
A.
Kalman filter
chosen
The Kalman filter is a mathematical algorithm used to estimate the changing state of a system from noisy measurements, widely applied in control systems, navigation, and signal processing.
-
B.
unscented Kalman filter
The unscented Kalman filter is a nonlinear state estimation algorithm that uses a deterministic sampling approach (sigma points) to more accurately capture the mean and covariance of a system than the standard extended Kalman filter.
-
C.
extended Kalman filter
The extended Kalman filter is a state estimation algorithm that generalizes the Kalman filter to nonlinear systems by linearizing about the current estimate, widely used in robotics and control for tracking and localization.
-
D.
“A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems”
“A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems” is Rudolf E. Kálmán’s landmark 1960 paper that introduced the Kalman filter, a foundational algorithm for optimal estimation in control theory, signal processing, and navigation.
-
E.
Wiener filter
The Wiener filter is a signal processing technique that optimally estimates a desired signal from noisy observations by minimizing the mean square error, based on statistical properties of signal and noise.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: hasKeyAlgorithm Context triple: [A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems, hasKeyAlgorithm, Kalman filter]
-
A.
hasKeyAgreement
Indicates that two parties share or have established a cryptographic key agreement used to securely derive a common secret key.
-
B.
hasKeyMaterial
Indicates that an entity possesses or contains the cryptographic key material required for encryption, decryption, or related security operations.
-
C.
hasAlgorithmName
chosen
Indicates that an entity is associated with or identified by a specific algorithm name.
-
D.
hasKeyPass
Indicates that an entity possesses or is granted a key-based pass that allows access or authorization to something.
-
E.
hasKeyUsage
Indicates that an entity (such as a key or certificate) is associated with a specific intended purpose or allowed type of usage.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (4 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca82c8c054819087fedd9a5436b8a3 |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:03 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cb776f41108190bed1c6a8ddbea374 |
completed | March 31, 2026, 7:27 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69cd34c010b48190b564fd365a5304d1 |
completed | April 1, 2026, 3:07 p.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69cb36ad01ac81909609b15f6a6c8581 |
completed | March 31, 2026, 2:51 a.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 5:44 p.m.