Triple
T818207
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Eugene Wigner |
E17694
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Wigner surmise
The Wigner surmise is an approximate formula in random matrix theory that describes the statistical distribution of spacings between neighboring energy levels in complex quantum systems.
|
E98265
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Wigner surmise | Statement: [Eugene Wigner, knownFor, Wigner surmise]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Wigner surmise Context triple: [Eugene Wigner, knownFor, Wigner surmise]
-
A.
Wick’s theorem
Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
-
B.
Riemann–Siegel formula
The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
-
C.
Born–Huang expansion
The Born–Huang expansion is a quantum mechanical method that systematically improves upon the Born–Oppenheimer approximation by including couplings between electronic and nuclear motions in molecular systems.
-
D.
Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
-
E.
Kac ring model
The Kac ring model is a simplified mathematical model in statistical mechanics introduced by Mark Kac to illustrate how macroscopic irreversibility can emerge from time-reversible microscopic dynamics.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Wigner surmise Triple: [Eugene Wigner, knownFor, Wigner surmise]
Generated description
The Wigner surmise is an approximate formula in random matrix theory that describes the statistical distribution of spacings between neighboring energy levels in complex quantum systems.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Wigner surmise Target entity description: The Wigner surmise is an approximate formula in random matrix theory that describes the statistical distribution of spacings between neighboring energy levels in complex quantum systems.
-
A.
Wick’s theorem
Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
-
B.
Riemann–Siegel formula
The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
-
C.
Born–Huang expansion
The Born–Huang expansion is a quantum mechanical method that systematically improves upon the Born–Oppenheimer approximation by including couplings between electronic and nuclear motions in molecular systems.
-
D.
Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
-
E.
Kac ring model
The Kac ring model is a simplified mathematical model in statistical mechanics introduced by Mark Kac to illustrate how macroscopic irreversibility can emerge from time-reversible microscopic dynamics.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a4937bcaac8190a322524ac6f45a5a |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4ab63f4a48190a61a14c3c41ed641 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 9:11 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a76d8f639081909690d1ef4c98680e |
completed | March 3, 2026, 11:23 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a781f5536c81908175d58b6b75adba |
completed | March 4, 2026, 12:51 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a7860e656c8190a08a9999662ba1f1 |
completed | March 4, 2026, 1:08 a.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:38 p.m.