Triple

T8074153
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education E188450 entity
Predicate parties P1790 FINISHED
Object James E. Swann et al.
James E. Swann et al. were the parent plaintiffs who challenged racial segregation in Charlotte, North Carolina’s public schools, leading to a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision on school desegregation and busing.
E710180 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: James E. Swann et al. | Statement: [Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, parties, James E. Swann et al.]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: James E. Swann et al.
Context triple: [Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, parties, James E. Swann et al.]
  • A. Tom B. Brown et al.
    Tom B. Brown et al. are the research team behind the influential GPT-3 language model paper that significantly advanced large-scale neural language modeling.
  • B. R. James Blackshire et al.
    R. James Blackshire et al. are parties who served as respondents in the U.S. Supreme Court case Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp., a landmark decision on housing discrimination and equal protection.
  • C. Daniel Donnelly et al.
    Daniel Donnelly et al. refers to the group of respondents, led by Daniel Donnelly, who were parties challenging a municipal holiday display in the U.S. Supreme Court case Lynch v. Donnelly.
  • D. J. W. Cumming et al.
    J. W. Cumming et al. were the plaintiffs challenging a Georgia county school board’s racially discriminatory education policies in the 1899 U.S. Supreme Court case Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education.
  • E. Wurster, Bernardi and Emmons
    Wurster, Bernardi and Emmons was a prominent mid-20th-century American architectural firm known for its modernist designs and influential contributions to West Coast architecture.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: James E. Swann et al.
Triple: [Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, parties, James E. Swann et al.]
Generated description
James E. Swann et al. were the parent plaintiffs who challenged racial segregation in Charlotte, North Carolina’s public schools, leading to a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision on school desegregation and busing.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: James E. Swann et al.
Target entity description: James E. Swann et al. were the parent plaintiffs who challenged racial segregation in Charlotte, North Carolina’s public schools, leading to a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision on school desegregation and busing.
  • A. Tom B. Brown et al.
    Tom B. Brown et al. are the research team behind the influential GPT-3 language model paper that significantly advanced large-scale neural language modeling.
  • B. R. James Blackshire et al.
    R. James Blackshire et al. are parties who served as respondents in the U.S. Supreme Court case Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp., a landmark decision on housing discrimination and equal protection.
  • C. Daniel Donnelly et al.
    Daniel Donnelly et al. refers to the group of respondents, led by Daniel Donnelly, who were parties challenging a municipal holiday display in the U.S. Supreme Court case Lynch v. Donnelly.
  • D. J. W. Cumming et al.
    J. W. Cumming et al. were the plaintiffs challenging a Georgia county school board’s racially discriminatory education policies in the 1899 U.S. Supreme Court case Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education.
  • E. Wurster, Bernardi and Emmons
    Wurster, Bernardi and Emmons was a prominent mid-20th-century American architectural firm known for its modernist designs and influential contributions to West Coast architecture.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca82b50c708190863f661d438e68df completed March 30, 2026, 2:03 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cb404a98408190b6c8eecb95ad086d completed March 31, 2026, 3:32 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69cc63f000308190a55379f8bf67f0cd completed April 1, 2026, 12:16 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69cc68634dc88190bc9b9e0598929d4d completed April 1, 2026, 12:35 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69cc6946aa5481908d682957b818a3e9 completed April 1, 2026, 12:39 a.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 5:27 p.m.