Triple
T79866
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Bose–Einstein statistics |
E1602
|
entity |
| Predicate | usedToExplain |
P3638
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect
The Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect is a quantum optical phenomenon in which correlations in the arrival times of identical particles, such as photons, reveal their underlying statistical and coherence properties.
|
E7352
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect | Statement: [Bose–Einstein statistics, usedToExplain, Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect Context triple: [Bose–Einstein statistics, usedToExplain, Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect]
-
A.
On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
"On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
-
B.
Huygens–Fresnel principle
The Huygens–Fresnel principle is a fundamental concept in wave optics that explains how every point on a wavefront acts as a source of secondary wavelets whose interference determines the wave’s subsequent propagation and diffraction.
-
C.
Bose–Einstein statistics
Bose–Einstein statistics is a quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and collective behavior of indistinguishable bosons, underpinning phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation.
-
D.
Einstein coefficients
Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
-
E.
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory is a fundamental method in quantum mechanics for approximating the energies and states of a system by treating interactions as small corrections to an exactly solvable problem.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect Triple: [Bose–Einstein statistics, usedToExplain, Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect]
Generated description
The Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect is a quantum optical phenomenon in which correlations in the arrival times of identical particles, such as photons, reveal their underlying statistical and coherence properties.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect Target entity description: The Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect is a quantum optical phenomenon in which correlations in the arrival times of identical particles, such as photons, reveal their underlying statistical and coherence properties.
-
A.
On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
"On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
-
B.
Huygens–Fresnel principle
The Huygens–Fresnel principle is a fundamental concept in wave optics that explains how every point on a wavefront acts as a source of secondary wavelets whose interference determines the wave’s subsequent propagation and diffraction.
-
C.
Bose–Einstein statistics
Bose–Einstein statistics is a quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and collective behavior of indistinguishable bosons, underpinning phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation.
-
D.
Einstein coefficients
Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
-
E.
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory is a fundamental method in quantum mechanics for approximating the energies and states of a system by treating interactions as small corrections to an exactly solvable problem.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a24c60d19c8190a1b6c105ca59ef5b |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 2:01 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a2567c90308190a9b989c586f7e559 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 2:44 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a25abc7b648190b8a83a05f4c76af0 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 3:02 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a25caa409881909eb7dfe7d038cc39 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 3:10 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a25e287cc88190b2eb5ae02bd2f9d1 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 3:16 a.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 2:06 a.m.