Triple

T793361
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Gustav Kirchhoff E16963 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy
Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy are foundational principles in physics that explain how continuous, emission, and absorption spectra arise from interactions between matter and radiation.
E95663 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy | Statement: [Gustav Kirchhoff, notableWork, Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy
Context triple: [Gustav Kirchhoff, notableWork, Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy]
  • A. Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
    Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
  • B. Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
    The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
  • C. Wien displacement law
    Wien's displacement law is a physical law that relates the temperature of a blackbody to the wavelength at which it emits radiation most intensely.
  • D. Planck radiation law
    Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
  • E. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy
Triple: [Gustav Kirchhoff, notableWork, Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy]
Generated description
Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy are foundational principles in physics that explain how continuous, emission, and absorption spectra arise from interactions between matter and radiation.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy
Target entity description: Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy are foundational principles in physics that explain how continuous, emission, and absorption spectra arise from interactions between matter and radiation.
  • A. Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
    Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
  • B. Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
    The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
  • C. Wien displacement law
    Wien's displacement law is a physical law that relates the temperature of a blackbody to the wavelength at which it emits radiation most intensely.
  • D. Planck radiation law
    Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
  • E. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a4936cb7448190914f5fe4b8d81607 completed March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4a79a3bbc81908d818c50a366b0f8 completed March 1, 2026, 8:54 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a689227bfc8190a4378f0093dca7ef completed March 3, 2026, 7:09 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a689c9974c819082082cd83fe46cbc completed March 3, 2026, 7:12 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a6d763a7848190ba4d5266d581acdb completed March 3, 2026, 12:43 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:38 p.m.