Triple

T793359
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Gustav Kirchhoff E16963 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
E93639 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation | Statement: [Gustav Kirchhoff, notableWork, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
Context triple: [Gustav Kirchhoff, notableWork, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation]
  • A. Stefan–Boltzmann law
    The Stefan–Boltzmann law is a fundamental principle of thermal radiation stating that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
  • B. Planck radiation law
    Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
  • C. Wien displacement law
    Wien's displacement law is a physical law that relates the temperature of a blackbody to the wavelength at which it emits radiation most intensely.
  • D. Fourier's law of heat conduction
    Fourier's law of heat conduction is a fundamental physical principle that relates heat flux within a material to the negative gradient of temperature, forming the basis of classical heat transfer theory.
  • E. Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
    The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
Triple: [Gustav Kirchhoff, notableWork, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation]
Generated description
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
Target entity description: Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
  • A. Stefan–Boltzmann law
    The Stefan–Boltzmann law is a fundamental principle of thermal radiation stating that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
  • B. Planck radiation law
    Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
  • C. Wien displacement law
    Wien's displacement law is a physical law that relates the temperature of a blackbody to the wavelength at which it emits radiation most intensely.
  • D. Fourier's law of heat conduction
    Fourier's law of heat conduction is a fundamental physical principle that relates heat flux within a material to the negative gradient of temperature, forming the basis of classical heat transfer theory.
  • E. Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
    The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a4936cb7448190914f5fe4b8d81607 completed March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4a79a3bbc81908d818c50a366b0f8 completed March 1, 2026, 8:54 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a678828f848190bbd511eb277db4ef completed March 3, 2026, 5:58 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a678f06b608190bb9dfe18289f8548 completed March 3, 2026, 6 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a6796abcd88190b7660d751704b18d completed March 3, 2026, 6:02 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:38 p.m.