Triple
T7903620
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | third law of thermodynamics |
E183516
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedTo |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Nernst unattainability principle
The Nernst unattainability principle is a formulation of the third law of thermodynamics stating that it is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of physical processes.
|
E700592
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Nernst unattainability principle | Statement: [third law of thermodynamics, relatedTo, Nernst unattainability principle]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Nernst unattainability principle Context triple: [third law of thermodynamics, relatedTo, Nernst unattainability principle]
-
A.
Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics
The Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics asserts that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body without external work being performed.
-
B.
Onsager reciprocal relations
Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
-
C.
Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics
Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics is a mathematically rigorous restatement of the second law based on the inaccessibility of certain thermodynamic states, providing a foundation for the concept of entropy without relying on cyclic processes or heat engines.
-
D.
Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions
The Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions states that at infinite dilution, each ion contributes a characteristic, additive amount to the total molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution, independent of the other ions present.
-
E.
Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances
Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances is a foundational 1923 textbook by Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall that systematically applied thermodynamic principles to chemical equilibria and free energy, helping to establish modern physical chemistry.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Nernst unattainability principle Triple: [third law of thermodynamics, relatedTo, Nernst unattainability principle]
Generated description
The Nernst unattainability principle is a formulation of the third law of thermodynamics stating that it is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of physical processes.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Nernst unattainability principle Target entity description: The Nernst unattainability principle is a formulation of the third law of thermodynamics stating that it is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of physical processes.
-
A.
Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics
The Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics asserts that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body without external work being performed.
-
B.
Onsager reciprocal relations
Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
-
C.
Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics
Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics is a mathematically rigorous restatement of the second law based on the inaccessibility of certain thermodynamic states, providing a foundation for the concept of entropy without relying on cyclic processes or heat engines.
-
D.
Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions
The Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions states that at infinite dilution, each ion contributes a characteristic, additive amount to the total molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution, independent of the other ions present.
-
E.
Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances
Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances is a foundational 1923 textbook by Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall that systematically applied thermodynamic principles to chemical equilibria and free energy, helping to establish modern physical chemistry.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca828d13088190b222be7aa9f9315c |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:02 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cb3a41b0fc81909890f2e4f432a5cf |
completed | March 31, 2026, 3:06 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69cb5bc35cec8190bda3dfe7d8d4ed18 |
completed | March 31, 2026, 5:29 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69cb7632cbbc819087107c8d2172a038 |
completed | March 31, 2026, 7:22 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69cbb64eee408190a66cbd0cba3054b4 |
completed | March 31, 2026, 11:55 a.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 5:02 p.m.