Triple

T7903620
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject third law of thermodynamics E183516 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Nernst unattainability principle
The Nernst unattainability principle is a formulation of the third law of thermodynamics stating that it is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of physical processes.
E700592 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Nernst unattainability principle | Statement: [third law of thermodynamics, relatedTo, Nernst unattainability principle]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Nernst unattainability principle
Context triple: [third law of thermodynamics, relatedTo, Nernst unattainability principle]
  • A. Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics
    The Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics asserts that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body without external work being performed.
  • B. Onsager reciprocal relations
    Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
  • C. Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics
    Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics is a mathematically rigorous restatement of the second law based on the inaccessibility of certain thermodynamic states, providing a foundation for the concept of entropy without relying on cyclic processes or heat engines.
  • D. Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions
    The Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions states that at infinite dilution, each ion contributes a characteristic, additive amount to the total molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution, independent of the other ions present.
  • E. Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances
    Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances is a foundational 1923 textbook by Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall that systematically applied thermodynamic principles to chemical equilibria and free energy, helping to establish modern physical chemistry.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Nernst unattainability principle
Triple: [third law of thermodynamics, relatedTo, Nernst unattainability principle]
Generated description
The Nernst unattainability principle is a formulation of the third law of thermodynamics stating that it is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of physical processes.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Nernst unattainability principle
Target entity description: The Nernst unattainability principle is a formulation of the third law of thermodynamics stating that it is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of physical processes.
  • A. Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics
    The Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics asserts that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body without external work being performed.
  • B. Onsager reciprocal relations
    Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
  • C. Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics
    Carathéodory’s formulation of the second law of thermodynamics is a mathematically rigorous restatement of the second law based on the inaccessibility of certain thermodynamic states, providing a foundation for the concept of entropy without relying on cyclic processes or heat engines.
  • D. Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions
    The Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions states that at infinite dilution, each ion contributes a characteristic, additive amount to the total molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution, independent of the other ions present.
  • E. Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances
    Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances is a foundational 1923 textbook by Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall that systematically applied thermodynamic principles to chemical equilibria and free energy, helping to establish modern physical chemistry.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca828d13088190b222be7aa9f9315c completed March 30, 2026, 2:02 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cb3a41b0fc81909890f2e4f432a5cf completed March 31, 2026, 3:06 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69cb5bc35cec8190bda3dfe7d8d4ed18 completed March 31, 2026, 5:29 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69cb7632cbbc819087107c8d2172a038 completed March 31, 2026, 7:22 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69cbb64eee408190a66cbd0cba3054b4 completed March 31, 2026, 11:55 a.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 5:02 p.m.