Triple
T787817
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Mark Kac |
E16842
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasPublication |
P80
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion
"Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion" is a mathematical work by Mark Kac that rigorously develops the connection between discrete random walks and continuous Brownian motion within probability theory.
|
E92913
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion | Statement: [Mark Kac, hasPublication, Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion Context triple: [Mark Kac, hasPublication, Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion]
-
A.
Brownian motion
Brownian motion is the random, jittery movement of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid, whose explanation provided key evidence for the existence of atoms and the molecular nature of matter.
-
B.
On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in Liquids at Rest Required by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat
"On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in Liquids at Rest Required by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that provided a theoretical explanation of Brownian motion, offering strong evidence for the existence of atoms and molecules.
-
C.
Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases
Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases is a foundational 1860 scientific paper by James Clerk Maxwell that introduced key ideas of kinetic theory and the statistical behavior of gas molecules.
-
D.
Einstein–Smoluchowski relation
The Einstein–Smoluchowski relation is a fundamental equation in statistical physics that links the diffusion coefficient of particles undergoing Brownian motion to their mobility and thermal energy.
-
E.
On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
"On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion Triple: [Mark Kac, hasPublication, Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion]
Generated description
"Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion" is a mathematical work by Mark Kac that rigorously develops the connection between discrete random walks and continuous Brownian motion within probability theory.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion Target entity description: "Random Walk and the Theory of Brownian Motion" is a mathematical work by Mark Kac that rigorously develops the connection between discrete random walks and continuous Brownian motion within probability theory.
-
A.
Brownian motion
Brownian motion is the random, jittery movement of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid, whose explanation provided key evidence for the existence of atoms and the molecular nature of matter.
-
B.
On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in Liquids at Rest Required by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat
"On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in Liquids at Rest Required by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that provided a theoretical explanation of Brownian motion, offering strong evidence for the existence of atoms and molecules.
-
C.
Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases
Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases is a foundational 1860 scientific paper by James Clerk Maxwell that introduced key ideas of kinetic theory and the statistical behavior of gas molecules.
-
D.
Einstein–Smoluchowski relation
The Einstein–Smoluchowski relation is a fundamental equation in statistical physics that links the diffusion coefficient of particles undergoing Brownian motion to their mobility and thermal energy.
-
E.
On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
"On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a4936cb7448190914f5fe4b8d81607 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4a78171908190a38a70274bfbebf9 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 8:54 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a6733e47148190bad0ac71cf45dd85 |
completed | March 3, 2026, 5:35 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a673afbd308190863aea2ff0f650cb |
completed | March 3, 2026, 5:37 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a6743f50d0819089885836b9668466 |
completed | March 3, 2026, 5:40 a.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:38 p.m.